RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Neurodevelopmental and epilepsy outcomes of patients with infantile spasms treated in a tertiary care center JF Neurosciences Journal JO Neurosciences (Riyadh) FD Prince Sultan Military Medical City SP 21 OP 25 DO 10.17712/nsj.2021.1.20200087 VO 26 IS 1 A1 Fahad A. Bashiri A1 Matar A. Al-Sehemi A1 Muddathir H. Hamad A1 Nawaf R. Alshammari A1 Mujtaba A Aljumah A1 Amal Kentab A1 Mustafa A. Salih YR 2021 UL http://nsj.org.sa/content/26/1/21.abstract AB Objectives: To assess the neurodevelopmental and epilepsy outcomes in children with infantile spasms (IS).Methods: A retrospective chart review of all patients with infantile spasms admitted to King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between January 2000 and December 2017. Infants who were diagnosed to have IS as per the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) definition were included in this study. Patients who lost follow-up and those who did not receive treatment at KKUH were excluded.Results: Total of 53 patients were included and categorized into unknown, cryptogenic and symptomatic type of IS. The majority had symptomatic etiology (71.7%). Type of etiology and delay in initiation of treatment were significant predictors of motor and cognitive outcomes, but not seizure control. Patients with unknown IS, who were diagnosed earlier (0.72-month), had better neurodevelopmental outcomes. Vigabatrin in combination with either Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) or Prednisolone showed better seizure control in comparison to monotherapy and other combination modalities.Conclusion: Neurodevelopmental outcomes of IS are strongly associated with the underlying etiology. Early initiation of treatments had a favorable cognitive and motor outcome. Early response to combination therapy with resolution of spasms and hypsarrhythmia had better seizure outcomes. However, motor and cognitive outcomes were not affected by the response to the combination therapy.