Distribution of characteristics of study subject (N=210).*
| Demographic characteristics | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Age (years), (mean±SD) | 37.44±10.3 |
| Age at diagnosis (years), (mean±SD) | 22.89±11.9 |
| Gender | |
| Male | 64 (30.5) |
| Female | 146 (69.5) |
| Delayed diagnosis | |
| Yes | 58 (28) |
| No | 149 (72) |
| Number of attacks per year (mean±SD) | 2.28±1.91 |
| Disease status last year | |
| Improved | 76 (36.2) |
| Same | 80 (38.1) |
| Worsen | 51 (24.3) |
| Dead | 3 (1.4) |
| Previous DMT† | |
| Yes | 132 (63.8) |
| No | 75 (36.2) |
| Current DMT† | |
| Yes | 159 (76.8) |
| No | 48 (23.2)* |
| DMT distribution ‡ | |
| Interferon beta-1a (Avonex) | 13 (8.2) |
| Glatiramer acetate | 1 (0.6) |
| Interferon beta-1a (Rebif) | 63 (39.6) |
| Teriflunomide | 12 (7.5) |
| Fingolimod | 45(28.3) |
| Dimethyl fumarate | 5 (3.2) |
| Alemtuzumab | 3 (1.9) |
| Natalizumab | 16 (10.1) |
| Daclizumab | 1 (0.6) |
| Compliance | |
| Compliant | 127 (79.9) |
| Moderate | 16 (10.1) |
| Not compliant | 16 (10.1) |
| DMT duration (months), (mean±SD) | 49.8±43.5 |
| Smoking | |
| Yes | 38 (18.4) |
| No | 162 (78.3) |
| Quit | 7 (3.4) |
| Smoking type | |
| Cigarette | 21 (46.7) |
| Shisha | 21 (46.7) |
| Both | 3 (6.7) |
| Duration of smoking, (years), (mean±SD) | 11.54±7.5 |