Clinical presentations of Fahr’s disease as reported in the literature.
| Psychiatric features: |
|---|
| ● Cognitive deterioration: dementia, delirium, confusion2,3,9,11,17,20-22,25 |
| ● Psychotic symptoms:hallucinations, delusions5,20,22,23,25,27 |
| ● Catatonia18 |
| ● Mood disorders: depression, manic symptoms11,20,25,26 |
| ● Anxiety, panic attacks, and obsessive behaviors5,11,20,23 |
| ● Irritability11,26 |
| ● Aggression11,23 |
| ● Personality disorder and personality changes11,20 |
| Somatic symptoms: |
| ● Parkinsonism and movement disorders2,3,5,7,9,20,21,31,32 |
| ● Seizures2,20,21,23 |
| ● Headache18,25 |
| ● Vertigo18,25 |
| ● Paresis18,25 |
| ● Stroke20 |
| ● Syncope18,25 |
| ● Ataxia3,5,9,10 |
| ● Dysarthria10 |
| ● Tremor26,31 Orthostatic hypotension30 |
| Radiologic findings:1,8,23,24 |
| ● Bilateral symmetrical calcifications of basal ganglia and dentate nucleus |
| ● Other sites of calcifications: thalamus, centrum semi-ovale, cerebellum, and cerebral white matter |