Table 3

Review of Non-pharmacological options.

ConditionsTreatmentsDose/notes
Neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinoses type IICerliponase alfa3 years or older: 300 mg by intraventricular infusion once every other week
Menkes diseaseCopper histidine or copper chlorideCooper histidine subcutaneous:
Day 1: 50 µg/d
Day 2: 100 µg/d
Day 3 onward: 150 µg/d
Copper chloride subcutaneous:
Age <1 year: 250 µg 2x/day
Age >1 year: 250 µg 1x/day
Tuberous sclerosis complexEverolimus5 mg/m2 PO qd
Epileptic encephalopathies like CSWS, LKS, Doose, Rassmusen.. etcIntravenous immunoglobulins1- or 5-day course of 2 g/kg intravenous
SteroidsOral prednisolone (up to 5 mg/kg/d) over 2–4 weeks.
Methylprednisolone IV: 20–30 mg/kg/d for 3–5 days
Epileptic encephalopathies like Dravet syndrome and Lennox–Gastaut syndromeCannabidiol5-25 mg/kg/d oral QD
Dravet syndromeFenfluramine10 to 20 mg daily
Catamenial epilepsy, CSWS, LKSAcetazolamide10 to 15 mg/kg/d divided BID
Focal lesion like DNET, FCD, gliomaFocal lesionectomy, lobectomy or laser ablation
Mesial temporal sclerosisTemporal lobectomy
Hemimegalencephaly or extensive unilateral cortical dysplasia, Rasmussen encephalitis, Sturge–Weber syndromeHemispherectomy
Lennox Gastatut syndromeCorpus callosotomy
LKSMultiple subpial transections
CSWS - continuous spike and wave during sleep, LKS - Landau Kleffner syndrome, DNET - Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors, FCD - focal cortical dysplasia