Characteristics of the study subjects.
| Characteristic | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Age at the time of treatment in years | |
| ≤1 | 4 (10) |
| 1-10 | 7 (17) |
| 11-20 | 13 (31) |
| ≥21 | 18 (42) |
| Gender | |
| Male | 23 (55) |
| Female | 19 (45) |
| Types of hydrocephalus | |
| Communicating (non- obstructive) | 12(29) |
| Non- communicating (obstructive) | 30(71) |
| Determination of ventricular size by radiological Images | |
| No change | 10(24) |
| Mildly increased | 8(19) |
| Severely increased | 24(57) |
| Cause of shunt malfunction | |
| Ventricular catheter occlusion | 14(34) |
| Valve malfunction | 10(24) |
| peritoneal catheter occlusion | 6(14) |
| Combined | 12(28) |
| Signs and symptoms | |
| Headache | 24(57) |
| Vomiting | 22(53) |
| Altered level of consciousness | 11(28) |
| Seizure | 7(18) |
| Visual signs and symptoms1 | 7(18) |
| Dizziness | 5(13) |
| Gait disturbance | 2(5) |
| Dysarthria | 1(3) |
| Increased head circumference | 2(5) |
| Respiratory failure | 1(3) |
Visual signs and symptoms include papilledema, abducens nerve palsy and visual field defects