- Baseline characteristics.
| Variables | Hajj (n=28) | Non-Hajj (n=41) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | |||
| Age | |||
| Mean±SD | 64.2±10.5 | 63.3±15.5 | .695 |
| Median (IQR) | 64 (55–72.5) | 65 (55–75) | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 19 (67.9) | 24 (58.5) | .433 |
| Female | 9 (32.1) | 17 (41.5) | |
| Nationality | |||
| Saudi | 5 (17.9) | 30 (73.2) | .000 |
| Non-Saudi | 23 (82.1) | 11 (26.8) | |
| Risk factor | |||
| None | 1 (3.6) | 0 (0) | .223 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11 (39.3) | 25 (61) | .077 |
| Hypertension | 19 (67.9) | 35 (85.4) | .083 |
| IHD | 6 (21.4) | 16 (39) | .061 |
| CHF | 3 (10.7) | 8 (19.5) | .327 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 8 (28.6) | 5 (12.2) | .088 |
| Previous stroke | 12 (42.9) | 9 (22) | .064 |
| Hyper-lipidemia | 11 (39.3) | 10 (24.4) | .187 |
| Previous TIA | 1 (3.6) | 5 (12.2) | .212 |
| Smoking | 1 (3.6) | 2 (4.9) | .794 |
| Ex-smoking | 0 (0) | 2 (4.9) | .236 |
| Prosthetic mitral valve | 0 (0) | 1 (2.4) | .405 |
| Ischemic etiology | |||
| Cardio-embolic | 11 (39.3) | 17 (41.5) | .533 |
| Large artery disease | 5 (17.9) | 11 (26.8) | |
| Small artery disease | 5 (17.9) | 3 (7.3) | |
| lacunar | 7 (25) | 10 (24.4) | |
| Unknown | |||