Table 1

- Features of included studies

Article	Country	Dataset	Sample size	Diagnosis	Application	Deep learning architecture	Performance
Afzal el al, 2018¹⁵	Australia	John Hunter Hospital’s Dataset	21	-11 converted to MS-10 did not convert to MS	Classification	2D-CNN	Accuracy
Afzal el al, 2021¹⁶	Australia	ISBI and MICCAI datasets	19	127 scans of MS	Segmentation	2D-CNN	-DSC-Sensitivity-Precision
Alijamaat et al, 2020¹⁷	Iran	Laboratory of eHealth of the University of Cyprus	58	38 MS patients 20 healthy individuals	Identification	2D-CNN	-Accuracy-Precision-Sensitivity-Specificity
Aslani et al., 2019¹⁸	Italy	-Private dataset-ISBI 2015 longitudinal dataset	51	-37 patients from private dataset -14 patients from ISBI 2015 longitudinal dataset	Segmentation	2D-CNN	DSC
Aslani et al, 2019¹⁹	Italy	ISBI 2015 Longitudinal MS Lesion Segmentation	19	MS	Segmentation	2D-CNN	-DSC-Lesion-wise true-positive -Lesion-wise false-positive
Coronado et al, 2020²⁰	USA	CombiRx	1,006	Relapsing–remitting MS	Segmentation	3D-CNN	-DSC-Lesion-wise true-positive-Lesion-wise false-positive
Eitel et al, 2019²¹	Germany	Clinical	147	76 MS patients 71 healthy patients	Classification	3D-CNN	Accuracy
Kazancli et al, 2018²²	Spain	Clinical	59	MS	Segmentation	3D-CNN	-DSC-True Positive Rate-False Discovery Rate-Volume Difference
La Rosa et al, 2018²³	Switzerland	Clinical	105	-Training dataset: 32 patients with EDSS scores ranged from 1 to 2 -Test dataset: 73 patients with EDSS scores ranged from 1 to 7.5	Segmentation	3D-CNN	-DSC-Lesion-wise false positive-Lesion-wise true positive-Volume difference
Roy et al, 2018²⁴	USA	ISBI 2015	19	-Training dataset: 5 patients with MS -Test dataset: 14 patients with MS	Segmentation	2D-CNN	DSC
Shrwan et al, 2021²⁵	India	Clinical	38	MS	Classification	2D-CNN	-Accuracy-Precision-Recall f_score
Siar et al, 2019²⁶	Iran	Clinical	1111	320 MS patients 791 healthy patients	Classification	2D-CNN	-Accuracy-Sensitivity-Specificity
Valverde et al, 2018²⁷	Spain	MICCAI 2008 MICCAI 2016 ISBI 2015	60	MS	Segmentation	3D-CNN	-DSC-Sensitivity-Precision
Wang et al, 2018²⁸	China	eHealth Laboratory and Private data	64	38 MS patients 26 healthy patients	Identification	2D-CNN	-Accuracy-Sensitivity-Specificity
Zhang et al, 2018²⁹	China	eHealth Laboratory and Private data	64	38 MS patients 26 healthy patients	Identification	3D-CNN	-Accuracy-Sensitivity-Specificity

CNN: convolutional neural network, CombiRx: Combination Therapy in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis, DSC: Dice Similarity Coefficient, EDSS: Expanded Disability Status Scale, ISBI: International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, MICCAI: Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, MS: Multiple sclerosis.