- The distribution of seizure types, TAND manifestations, and electroencephalography findings and epilepsy and TSC complications management profile across the study sample.
| Variables | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Seizure Type | |
| Generalized motor tonic-clonic seizure | 23 (37.7) |
| Mixed seizure | 22 (36.1) |
| Epileptic spasms | 20 (32.8) |
| Focal motor | 19 (31.1) |
| Unclassified seizure type | 14 (23.0) |
| Absence seizure | 9 (14.8) |
| Lennox Gastaut | 3 (4.9) |
| Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy | 1 (1.6) |
| Other | 7 (11.5) |
| TAND manifestations | |
| Learning disability | 32 (52.5) |
| Speech delay | 28 (45.9) |
| Intellectual disability | 27 (44.3) |
| Global developmental delay | 26 (42.6) |
| Social/ cognitive delay | 25 (41.0) |
| Fine motor delay | 11 (18.0) |
| ASD | 11 (18.0) |
| Gross motor delay | 10 (16.4) |
| ADHD | 9 (14.8) |
| Electroencephalography findings | |
| Focal abnormality | 19 (31.1) |
| Focal frontal epileptiform discharges | 12 (19.7) |
| Focal temporal epileptiform discharges | 12 (19.7) |
| Focal parietal epileptiform discharges | 3 (4.9) |
| Focal occipital epileptiform discharges | 8 (13.1) |
| Generalized slow abnormality | 8 (13.1) |
| Other EEG finding | 7 (11.3) |
| Generalizes spike/wave epileptiform discharges | 6 (9.8) |
| 3 Hz Spike wave discharges | 1 (1.6) |
| Epilepsy management profile | |
| Anti-seizure medication | 45 (73.8) |
| Single anti-seizure medication | 18 (29.5) |
| Two or more anti-seizure medication | 27 (44.3) |
| Surgery for Seizure | 4 (6.5) |
| SEGA surgery | 3 (4.9) |
| mTOR inhibitors | 3 (4.9) |
| Vagus nerve stimulation | 1 (1.6) |
| Management of TSC complications | |
| Surgery for Seizure | 4 (6.5) |
| Cardiac rhabdomyoma surgery | 1 (1.6) |
| Multiple retinal astrocytoma surgery | 1 (1.6) |
| Renal transplant | 1 (1.6) |
| V-P shunt insertion | 1 (1.6) |