Five basic steps to taking an evidence-based approach.
| Five basic steps to taking an evidence-based approach- “5 Step Model.” |
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| 1. ASK: Formulate a focused, clinically pertinent question from a patient’s problem. A strategy for formulating specific questions is the P.I.C.O.T.S acronym: • Patient (the person presenting with the problem, or the Problem itself) • Intervention (action taken in response to the problem, for example endoscopic surgery) • Comparison (benchmark against which the intervention is measured, for example microscopic surgery) • Outcome (anticipated result of the intervention, for example visual outcome) • Time Frame • Settings |
| 2. ACQUIRE: Searching for and retrieving of appropriate literature (best available research evidence) |
| 3. APPRAISE: Critically review and grading of this literature (critically evaluating and appraising the evidence for its validity and usefulness), |
| 4. APPLY: Summarizing and formulating recommendations from the best available evidence. |
| 5. ACT: Recommendations from step 4 are integrated with the physician’s experience and patient factors to determine optimal care (that is, implementing the findings in clinical practice). |