Survey of Essential Elements Questionnaire (short version) domain scores utilized at TCs in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| Domains statements | Riyadh | Dammam | Bedaiyah | Jeddah | Taif | Mean |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The TC perspective | ||||||
| “Drug abuse” reflects general coping problems | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4.6 |
| “Drug abuse” rooted in developmental and psychological problems | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3.6 |
| “Recovery” involves global changes in identity, behavior, and lifestyle | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4.2 |
| Right living includes self-reliance and positive attitudes | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4.2 |
| The agency: treatment approach and structure | ||||||
| Agency follows a daily structured routine | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4.6 |
| Treatment approach is centered on member participation | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2.8 |
| Staff functions as members of the community | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3.4 |
| Clients are members of the community | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4.2 |
| Educational classes are provided on health-related issues | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3.6 |
| Community as therapeutic agent | ||||||
| Peers as gatekeepers protect community values | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4.4 |
| Peers provide mutual self-help | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4.2 |
| Daily activities emphasize community participation | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3.6 |
| Contact with outside community | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4.2 |
| Community hierarchical organization includes status and privileges | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Community uses sanctions for norms violations | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Periodic formal community surveillance | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4.4 |
| Educational and work activities | ||||||
| Academic and/or vocational training is available | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2.4 |
| Life skills training is available | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2.2 |
| Work is an important part of the therapeutic program | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3.2 |
| Formal therapeutic elements | ||||||
| Behavior is either reinforced or confronted | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4.2 |
| Frequent group activities reinforce community norms | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3.6 |
| Counselors are role models of community norms | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3.4 |
| Family members are included as part of therapy | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2.8 |
| Process | ||||||
| Phase progression from orientation to primary to re-entry | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Orientation focuses on client assimilating into the community | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4.2 |
| Primary treatment focuses on developing prosocial norms | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Re-entry prepares client for transition to outside community | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |