Background Advancement and evolution of current virtual reality (VR) surgical simulation
technologies are integral to improve the available armamentarium of surgical skill education. …

Objective: To report the personal experiences of patients undergoing awake craniotomy for
brain tumor resection. Methods: We carried out a qualitative descriptive survey of patients’ …

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence and morphologic characteristics of the foramen
arcuale of the atlas vertebra in the Saudi population and propose a simplified classification …

The prone positioning of patients experiencing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome …

Importance To better understand the emerging role of artificial intelligence (AI) in surgical
training, efficacy of AI tutoring systems, such as the Virtual Operative Assistant (VOA), must be …

Background Online education has provided an important tool to continue medical education
during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study aimed to evaluate trainee and attending …

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are common complications after spinal surgery that result in
increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. It was estimated that SSIs after spinal …

In procedural-based medicine, the technical ability can be a critical determinant of patient
outcomes. Psychomotor performance occurs in real-time, hence a continuous assessment is …

Objective Current selection methods for neurosurgical residents fail to include objective
measurements of bimanual psychomotor performance. Advancements in computer-based …

Objective Quantitative documentation of the effects of outbreaks, including the coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, is limited in neurosurgery. Our study aimed to evaluate …