The industrial activities of the last century have caused massive increases in human exposure
to heavy metals. Mercury, lead, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic have been the most …

Air pollution is a major concern of new civilized world, which has a serious toxicological impact
on human health and the environment. It has a number of different emission sources, but …

Sulfur mustard is an alkylating agent that reacts with ocular, respiratory, cutaneous, and bone
marrow tissues, resulting in early and late toxic effects. We compare these effects based on …

Sulphur mustard (SM) is regarded as one of the most important agents of chemical warfare
because of its simple and cheap chemical synthesis that makes it readily available for both …

Sulphur mustard (SM) is an alkylating chemical warfare agent that was widely used during
the World War I and in the Iran–Iraq conflict. Delayed complications of SM in different organs …

Organophosphorous compounds have been employed as pesticides and chemical warfare
nerve agents. Toxicity of organophosphorous compounds is a result of excessive cholinergic …

Organophosphorous (OP) Nerve agents (NAs) are known as the deadliest chemical warfare
agents. They are divided into two classes of G and V agents. Most of them are liquid at room …

Background: This study was aimed to determine the correlation between ocular complications
and respiratory or cutaneous complications in a group of 40 Iranian veterans with late …

Mustard gas or sulfur mustard (SM) is an alkylating chemical warfare agent that was widely
used during the World War I and in the Iran-Iraq conflict. We aimed to study late toxic effects …

Background Extensive cutaneous burns caused by alkylating chemical warfare agent sulfur
mustard (SM) have been associated with the severe suppression of the immune system in …