We investigated serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor
necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its …

A retrospective study of 22 adult patients with dermatomyositis (DM) or polymyositis (PM)
was performed. Male to female ratio was 1:2.7. Mean age of onset was 37.3 ± (16.3) and …

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani, a protozoan parasite, is a disease
of high morbidity associated with hepatosplenomegaly, hypergammaglobulinemia, fever …

Background: Patients with hepatitis have multiple immunologic abnormalities, which may be
related to cytokine production. Methods: We examined the in vitro production of interleukins (…

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a major immunoregulatory cytokine and has a multitude of
immunomodulatory effects in the immune system. In this study, we have examined the secretion …

We describe the first case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in which peripheral blood
T cells were deficient in cell surface expression of T-cell receptor α/β chain (TcRαβ) and the …

Central venous catheters (CVCs) are life-saving and the majority of patients in intensive care
units (ICUs) have them placed in order to receive medicine and fluids. However, the use of …

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and etiology of epilepsy at age 60 years
and above in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia (KSA), as epilepsy is now considered to …

Background: Patients with bacterial meningitis have a T-cell defect and impaired cytokine
production. Methods: The phenotype and percentage of circulating αβ and γδ T-cell receptor-…

Background. Cytokines, interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐6, interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ), tumor necrosis
factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), soluble CD23 (sCD23), and soluble IL‐2 receptors (sIL‐2R) are …