Despite updating knowledge and a growing number of medications for multiple sclerosis (MS),
no definite treatment is available yet for patients suffering from progressive forms of the …

Background: In the setting of a pale optic disc, distinguishing a previous episode of optic
neuritis (ON) from that of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) may be …

Background: Incidence and predominant subtype of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) differs
geographically. Electrophysiology has an important role in early diagnosis and prediction of …

Blepharoptosis or drooping of upper eye lid is a common, but non-specific sign of neurological
diseases which sometimes could herald a life-threatening disorder. First, the diagnosis of …

Brown–Vialetto–Van Laere syndrome (BVVLS) is a very rare neurodegenerative disorder
characterized by pontobulbar palsy and sensorineural hearing loss. Its mode of inheritance in …

Objective and background Recent evidence suggests that cerebrovascular risk factors are
contributing factors, not only to vascular cognitive decline, but also for Alzheimer's disease. …

Objective Asymmetric papilledema (AP) is a rare condition in idiopathic intracranial hypertension
(IIH). As the pathophysiology of papilledema developement in IIH remains unclear, the …

We evaluated the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of 121 consecutive patients
admitted with Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) to a tertiary referral hospital in Tehran, Iran, …

Background Recently, adipocytokines have been shown to play a pivotal role in autoimmune
and inflammatory-related disease. The purpose of this study was to compare the levels of …

BACKGROUND: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a potentially life-threatening
underdiagnosed disease. Headache is a common but nonspecific finding in CVT. Other features …