Objectives: Microcirculatory alterations are associated with adverse outcome in subsets of
critically ill patients. The prevalence and significance of microcirculatory alterations in the …

Background Tramadol is an analgesic drug, and its mechanism of action is believed to be
mediated by the mu-opioid receptor. A further action of tramadol has been identified as …

Background : A few previous studies have suggested the efficacy of iv ketamine for postoperative
pain relief in children after adenotonsillectomy, but none has investigated the efficacy …

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare etomidate-lipuro and propofol and 50%,(1:
1) admixture of these agents at induction with special reference to injection pain, …

BACKGROUND: There are few reports on the utility of ketamine for the prevention of
postoperative shivering. We thus established the efficacy of two doses of ketamine compared with …

Background: With an increase in the frequency of interventional radiology procedures in
pediatrics, there has been a corresponding increase in demand for procedural sedation to …

Purpose: Despite advances in anesthesia, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and surgical
techniques, cerebral injury remains a major source of morbidity after cardiac surgery. We …

Background Mildly elevated lactate levels (ie, 1–2 mmol/L) are increasingly recognized as a
prognostic finding in critically ill patients. One of several possible underlying mechanisms, …

Background. Inhalation anesthetics such as isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane are widely
used in clinical practice; however, there is no study for comparing these drugs in cardiac …

Background: Experience with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) in children is limited. This study
was conducted to observe the effects of HES or Ringer’s lactate (RL) usage as the priming …