The brainstem is the structure that connects the cerebrum of the brain to the spinal cord and
cerebellum. It is composed of three sections in descending order: the midbrain, pons, and …

The reticular activating system (RAS) is a component of the reticular formation in vertebrate
brains located throughout the brainstem. Between the brainstem and the cortex, multiple …

Stereotactic biopsy of posterior fossa lesions is often regarded as hazardous due to the
critical structures in that area. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic …

Background: Brainstem glioma is a rare brain tumor with poor prognosis and difficulty for
surgical resection. We sought to retrospectively analyze and evaluate the clinical efficacy of …

Background/Aim: The treatment of human glioma tumor is still an unmet medical need.
Natural products are always promising resources for discovery of anticancer drugs. Lauryl …

Among tumors of the pediatric central nervous system, masses arising within the brainstem
pose a unique set of diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Current population-based data …

Background Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) has improved the
diagnosis and surgical treatment of brainstem and posterior fossa tumors. Several …

Historically, brainstem gliomas have been one of the most difficult types of neoplasms to
treat. They comprise 10%–20% of pediatric tumors of the central nervous system. The …

Our understanding of brainstem gliomas (BGs) has matured immensely over the last two
centuries, but on the scale of our greater understanding of neurological surgery, or even …

Surgery of intrinsic brainstem lesions is extremely dangerous, consequently the knowledge
of anatomy and safe entry zones is extremely important. The technological progress was …