This article reviews the major findings of research related to pharmacological pain therapies
used in treating acute and chronic pain, it compares advantages and disadvantages of …

Pain is an unpleasant sensation that originates from ongoing or impending tissue damage.
Management of different types of pain (acute, postoperative, inflammatory, neuropathic or …

Pain is a subjective expression of neural impulses induced by a stimulus with a capacity to
potentially damage tissues of the body. Simply put, pain is the reaction of the body to a …

In the past, management of pain was more empirical but with the understanding of
mechanisms, biochemistry and molecular basis of pain, future drug development will be …

This chapter seeks to provide a concise overview of the pharmacologic armamentarium
available to treat pain. Drugs will be discussed in terms of their indications, mechanisms of …

The explosive growth of our knowledge of every aspect of pain in recent years has produced
major advances in the classification and management of the varieties of pain. However …

The future of pain medicine is marked by many questions. What can other nations around
the world learn from the opioid crisis that is still affecting the United States? The American …

Chronic pain places a tremendous burden on both the patient and the healthcare system.
The use of opioids to address pain has resulted in negative impacts. As practitioners work to …

Pain management has become an increasingly well researched area in medicine over
recent years, and there have been advances in a number of areas. While opioids remain an …

Pharmacological approaches to our understanding and treatment of pain have had a long
history and have traditionally relied on very few drugs that either have significant side effects …