Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Home
  • Content
    • Latest
    • Ahead of print
    • Archive
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Institutions
    • Advertisers
  • About Us
    • About Us
    • Editorial Office
    • Editorial Board
  • More
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Folders
    • Help
  • Other Publications
    • Saudi Medical Journal

User menu

  • My alerts
  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
Neurosciences Journal
  • Other Publications
    • Saudi Medical Journal
  • My alerts
  • Log in
Neurosciences Journal

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Content
    • Latest
    • Ahead of print
    • Archive
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Institutions
    • Advertisers
  • About Us
    • About Us
    • Editorial Office
    • Editorial Board
  • More
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Folders
    • Help
  • Follow psmmc on Twitter
  • Visit psmmc on Facebook
  • RSS
Review ArticleReview Article
Open Access

Evidence-based neurosurgery

Basic concepts for the appraisal and application of scientific information to patient care (Part II)

Ignatius N. Esene, Saleh S. Baeesa and Ahmed Ammar
Neurosciences Journal July 2016, 21 (3) 197-206; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2016.3.20150553
Ignatius N. Esene
From the Department of Neurosurgery (Esene), Ain Shams University, the Gamma Knife Center (Esene), Nasser Institute, Cairo, Egypt, the Department of Neurosurgery (Ammar), Dammam University, Dammam, and the Division of Neurosurgery (Baeesa), Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
MD, MPH
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Saleh S. Baeesa
From the Department of Neurosurgery (Esene), Ain Shams University, the Gamma Knife Center (Esene), Nasser Institute, Cairo, Egypt, the Department of Neurosurgery (Ammar), Dammam University, Dammam, and the Division of Neurosurgery (Baeesa), Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
MBChB, FRCSC
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Ahmed Ammar
From the Department of Neurosurgery (Esene), Ain Shams University, the Gamma Knife Center (Esene), Nasser Institute, Cairo, Egypt, the Department of Neurosurgery (Ammar), Dammam University, Dammam, and the Division of Neurosurgery (Baeesa), Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
MD, PhD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • eLetters
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF
Loading

References

  1. ↵
    1. Sackett DL,
    2. Rosenberg WM,
    3. Gray JA,
    4. Haynes RB,
    5. Richardson WS
    (1996) Evidence based medicine:what it is and what it isn’t. BMJ 312, 71–72.
  2. ↵
    1. Yarascavitch BA,
    2. Chuback JE,
    3. Almenawer SA,
    4. Reddy K,
    5. Bhandari M
    (2012) Levels of evidence in the neurosurgical literature:more tribulations than trials. Neurosurgery 71, 1131–1137.
  3. ↵
    1. Bhandari M,
    2. Joensson A
    (2009) Clinical Research for Surgeons (Thieme, Stuttgart (NY)).
  4. ↵
    1. Isaacs D,
    2. Fitzgerald D
    (1999) Seven alternatives to evidence based medicine. BMJ 319, 1618.
  5. ↵
    1. Fletcher RH,
    2. Fletcher SW
    (2005) Clinical Epidemiology:The Essentials (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia (PA)), 5th ed.
  6. ↵
    1. Komotar RJ,
    2. Starke RM,
    3. Raper DM,
    4. Anand VK,
    5. Schwartz TH
    (2012) Endoscopic endonasal compared with microscopic transsphenoidal and open transcranial resection of giant pituitary adenomas. Pituitary 15, 150–159.
  7. ↵
    1. Esene IN,
    2. El-Shehaby AM,
    3. Baeesa SS
    (2016) Essentials of research methods in neurosurgery and allied sciences for research, appraisal and application of scientific information to patient care (Part I). Neurosciences (Riyadh) 21, 97–107.
  8. ↵
    1. Pollock BE
    (2006) Guiding Neurosurgery by Evidence (Karger Publishers, Basel (CH)).
  9. ↵
    1. Roitberg B
    (2012) Tyranny of a “randomized controlled trials” Surg Neurol Int 3, 154.
  10. ↵
    1. Farrokhyar F,
    2. Karanicolas PJ,
    3. Thoma A,
    4. Simunovic M,
    5. Bhandari M,
    6. Devereaux PJ,
    7. et al.
    (2010) Randomized controlled trials of surgical interventions. Ann Surg 251, 409–416.
  11. ↵
    1. Egger M,
    2. Smith GD,
    3. Sterne JA
    (2001) Uses and abuses of meta-analysis. Clin Med 1, 478–484.
  12. ↵
    1. Haidich AB
    (2010) Meta-analysis in medical research. Hippokratia 14, 29–37.
  13. ↵
    1. Linskey ME
    (2006) Evidence-based medicine for neurosurgeons:introduction and methodology. Prog Neurol Surg 19, 1–53.
  14. ↵
    1. Bandopadhayay P,
    2. Goldschlager T,
    3. Rosenfeld JV
    (2008) The role of evidence-based medicine in neurosurgery. J Clin Neurosci 15, 373–378.
  15. ↵
    1. Haines SJ
    (2003) Evidence-based neurosurgery. Neurosurgery 52, 36–47.
  16. ↵
    1. Sackett DL,
    2. Straus SE,
    3. Richardson WS,
    4. Rosenberg W,
    5. Haynes RB
    (2002) Evidence-Based Medicine:How to Practice and Teach It (Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh (Scotland)), 2nd ed.
  17. ↵
    1. Wupperman R,
    2. Davis R,
    3. Obremskey WT
    (2007) Level of evidence in Spine compared to other orthopedic journals. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 32, 388–393.
  18. ↵
    1. Medina JM,
    2. McKeon PO,
    3. Hertel J
    (2006) Rating the Levels of Evidence in Sports-Medicine Research. Athletic Therapy Today 11, 38–41.
  19. ↵
    1. Akobeng AK
    (2005) Understanding randomised controlled trials. Arch Dis Child 90, 840–844.
  20. ↵
    1. Ho PM,
    2. Peterson PN,
    3. Masoudi FA
    (2008) Evaluating the evidence:is there a rigid hierarchy? Circulation 118, 1675–1684.
  21. ↵
    1. Liu JC,
    2. Stewart MG
    (2007) Teaching evidence-based medicine in otolaryngology. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 40, 1261–1274.
  22. ↵
    1. Esene IN,
    2. Ngu J,
    3. Elzoghby M,
    4. Solaroglu I,
    5. Sikod AM,
    6. Kotb A,
    7. et al.
    (2014) Case series and descriptive cohort studies in neurosurgery:the confusion and solution. Childs Nerv Syst 30, 1321–1332.
  23. ↵
    1. Kaiser MG,
    2. Eck JC,
    3. Groff MW,
    4. Watters WC 3rd.,
    5. Dailey AT,
    6. Resnick DK,
    7. et al.
    (2014) Guideline update for the performance of fusion procedures for degenerative disease of the lumbar spine. Part 1:introduction and methodology. J Neurosurg Spine 21, 2–6.
  24. ↵
    1. Brain Trauma Foundation
    (2007) Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury Methods. J Neurotrauma 24, S3–S6.
  25. ↵
    1. Anderson PA,
    2. Matz PG,
    3. Groff MW,
    4. Heary RF,
    5. Holly LT,
    6. Kaiser MG,
    7. et al.
    (2009) Laminectomy and fusion for the treatment of cervical degenerative myelopathy. J Neurosurg Spine 11, 150–156.
  26. ↵
    1. Feigin VL,
    2. Bennett DA
    (2006) Handbook Of Clinical Neuroepidemiology (Nova Science Publishers, New York (NY)).
  27. ↵
    1. Downs SH,
    2. Black N
    (1998) The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions. J Epidemiol Community Health 52, 377–384.
  28. ↵
    1. Kochanek PM,
    2. Carney N,
    3. Adelson PD,
    4. Ashwal S,
    5. Bell MJ,
    6. Bratton S,
    7. et al.
    (2012) Guidelines for the acute medical management of severe traumatic brain injury in infants, children, and adolescents--second edition. Pediatr Crit Care Med 13, S1–S82.
  29. ↵
    1. Garg AX,
    2. Hackam D,
    3. Tonelli M
    (2008) Systematic review and meta-analysis:when one study is just not enough. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 3, 253–260.
  30. ↵
    1. Eddy DM
    (1990) Clinical decision making:from theory to practice. Designing a practice policy. Standards, guidelines, and options. JAMA 263, 3077, 3081–3084.
  31. ↵
    1. Knuth T,
    2. Letarte PB,
    3. Ling G,
    4. Moores LE
    (2005) Methodology:Guideline Development Rationale and Process (Brain Trauma Foundation, New York (NY)), 1st edition.
  32. ↵
    1. Greenberg M
    (2010) Handbook of Neurosurgery (Thieme Medical Publishers, New York (NY)).
  33. ↵
    1. Rosenberg J,
    2. Greenberg MK
    (1992) Practice parameters:strategies for survival into the nineties. Neurology 42, 1110–1115.
  34. ↵
    1. Timmermans S,
    2. Mauck A
    (2005) The promises and pitfalls of evidence-based medicine. Health Aff (Millwood) 24, 18–28.
  35. ↵
    1. Burls A
    (2012) What is critical appraisal? (Hayward Medical Communications, Calgary (CAN)).
  36. ↵
    1. Moher D,
    2. Schulz KF,
    3. Altman DG
    (2001) The CONSORT statement:revised recommendations for improving the quality of reports of parallel-group randomized trials. Ann Intern Med 134, 657–662.
    1. Begg C,
    2. Cho M,
    3. Eastwood S,
    4. Horton R,
    5. Moher D,
    6. Olkin I,
    7. et al.
    (1996) Improving the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials. The CONSORT statement. JAMA 276, 637–639.
    1. Tooth L,
    2. Ware R,
    3. Bain C,
    4. Purdie DM,
    5. Dobson A
    (2005) Quality of reporting of observational longitudinal research. Am J Epidemiol 161, 280–288.
    1. Von EE,
    2. Altman DG,
    3. Egger M,
    4. Pocock SJ,
    5. Gotzsche PC,
    6. Vandenbroucke JP
    (2007) The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement:guidelines for reporting observational studies. Lancet 370, 1453–1457.
    1. Stroup DF,
    2. Berlin JA,
    3. Morton SC,
    4. Olkin I,
    5. Williamson GD,
    6. Rennie D,
    7. et al.
    (2000) Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology:A proposal for reporting. JAMA 283, 2008–2012.
    1. Moher D,
    2. Liberati A,
    3. Tetzlaff J,
    4. Altman DG
    (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses:the PRISMA statement. J Clin Epidemiol 62, 1006–1012.
    1. Vandenbroucke JP
    (2009) STREGA, STROBE, STARD, SQUIRE, MOOSE, PRISMA, GNOSIS, TREND, ORION, COREQ, QUOROM, REMARK. and CONSORT:for whom does the guideline toll? J Clin Epidemiol 62, 594–596.
  37. ↵
    1. Shea BJ,
    2. Grimshaw JM,
    3. Wells GA,
    4. Boers M,
    5. Andersson N,
    6. Hamel C,
    7. et al.
    (2007) Development of AMSTAR:a measurement tool to assess the methodological quality of systematic reviews. BMC Med Res Methodol 7, 10.
  38. ↵
    1. Guyatt G,
    2. Oxman AD,
    3. Akl EA,
    4. Kunz R,
    5. Vist G,
    6. Brozek J,
    7. et al.
    (2011) GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction-GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables. J Clin Epidemiol 64, 383–394.
  39. ↵
    1. Charlton BG
    (1997) Restoring the balance:evidence-based medicine put in its place. J Eval Clin Pract 3, 87–98.
  40. ↵
    1. Bricolo AP,
    2. Pasut LM
    (1984) Extradural hematoma:toward zero mortality. A prospective study. Neurosurgery 14, 8–12.
  41. ↵
    1. Poolman RW,
    2. Petrisor BA,
    3. Marti RK,
    4. Kerkhoffs GM,
    5. Zlowodzki M,
    6. Bhandari M
    (2007) Misconceptions about practicing evidence-based orthopedic surgery. Acta Orthop 78, 2–11.
  42. ↵
    1. Grol R
    (2000) Between evidence-based practice and total quality management:the implementation of cost-effective care. Int J Qual Health Care 12, 297–304.
  43. ↵
    1. Grimshaw JM,
    2. Russell IT
    (1993) Effect of clinical guidelines on medical practice:a systematic review of rigorous evaluations. Lancet 342, 1317–1322.
  44. ↵
    1. Shin JH,
    2. Haynes RB,
    3. Johnston ME
    (1993) Effect of problem-based, self-directed undergraduate education on life-long learning. CMAJ 148, 969–976.
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

Neurosciences Journal: 21 (3)
Neurosciences Journal
Vol. 21, Issue 3
1 Jul 2016
  • Table of Contents
  • Cover (PDF)
  • Index by author
Print
Download PDF
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Neurosciences Journal.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Evidence-based neurosurgery
(Your Name) has sent you a message from Neurosciences Journal
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the Neurosciences Journal web site.
Citation Tools
Evidence-based neurosurgery
Ignatius N. Esene, Saleh S. Baeesa, Ahmed Ammar
Neurosciences Journal Jul 2016, 21 (3) 197-206; DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2016.3.20150553

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Evidence-based neurosurgery
Ignatius N. Esene, Saleh S. Baeesa, Ahmed Ammar
Neurosciences Journal Jul 2016, 21 (3) 197-206; DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2016.3.20150553
Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One
Bookmark this article

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • eLetters
  • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • Structural and functional changes in the hippocampus induced by environmental exposures
  • Tumefactive demyelinating lesions: A literature review of recent findings
  • Epilepsia partialis continua: A review
Show more Review Article

Similar Articles

Navigate

  • home

More Information

  • Help

Additional journals

  • All Topics

Other Services

  • About

© 2025 Neurosciences Journal Neurosciences is copyright under the Berne Convention and the International Copyright Convention. All rights reserved. Neurosciences is an Open Access journal and articles published are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (CC BY-NC). Readers may copy, distribute, and display the work for non-commercial purposes with the proper citation of the original work. Electronic ISSN 1658-3183. Print ISSN 1319-6138.

Powered by HighWire