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Age Hours of sleep Nap 0-2 months 12-18 hours a day 6-8 naps 10 min to 4 h a day 4-12 months 14 to 15 hours a day 2 naps of 2 to 4 h a day 1-2 years 12 to 14 hours a day 1 nap of 1 to 3 h a day 3-5 years 11 to 13 hours a day May or may not include a nap during the day 6-12 years 9 to 11 hours a day Most children no longer needs nap (if occurs, usually short 30 min) 13-18 years 8 to 10 hours a day Most children no longer needs nap Disease / Drug Potential side effects Chronic insomnia Melatonin Headache, dizziness, bed-wetting Antihistamines (diphenhydramine) Dizziness, increase in the thickness of lung secretions Narcolepsy Methylphenidate Loss of appetite, suppression of growth, exacerbation of anxiety, nervousness, Dextroamphetamine, amphetamine- dextroamphetamine mixture Loss of appetite, suppression of growth, exacerbation of anxiety, nervousness Modafinil, armodafinil Headache, precipitation of Stevens-Johnson syndrome, decreases the potency of concurrently administered oral contraceptives Sodium oxybate Tremor, constipation, bed-wetting, exacerbation of sleep apnea, weight loss, exacerbation of depression Cataplexy Sodium oxybate Tremor, constipation, bed-wetting, exacerbation of sleep apnea, weight loss, exacerbation of depression Venlafaxine, protriptyline, clomipramine Drowsiness, weight gain, tremor Fluoxetine, sertraline Nervousness, insomnia, increased risk of suicidal thoughts Restless leg syndrome Elemental iron onstipation and abdominal discomfort Gabapentin Drowsiness, nausea Clonazepam Drowsiness, tolerance Obstructive sleep apnea Mild to moderate OSA: intranasal corticosteroids plus Nasal irritation leukotriene inhibitor (montelukast). Nausea, headache, dizziness Non-REM sleep parasomnias Clonazepam Drowsiness, tolerance L-5-hydroxytryptophan Nausea Circadian sleep-wake disorders Melatonin Headache, dizziness, bed-wetting
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