Postural sway changes during static standing with concurrent task in children with traumatic brain injury

Article Figures & Data

Table 1

Demographic information of children with TBI and TD children.

Participants	TBI children (n=16)	TD children (n=22)	P-value
Participants	Mean±SD		P-value
Duration of injury (years)	2.43±1.48
GCS Score	9±2
Age (years)	11.63±1.89	11.41±2.24	0.756
Body Weight (kg)	40.64±12.35	41.83±16.93	0.802
Body Height	1.415±0.16	1.421±0.15	0.909
BMI (kg/m²)	20.2±5.26	19.9±5.43	0.847
PBS Score (max 56)	52.13±5.76	55.5±0.67	0.034^*
CCTT-1 (seconds)	54.94±48.85	33.36±15.27	0.106
CCTT-2 (seconds)	99.5±68.96	59.64±0.36	0.039^*

↵* p-value<0.05, TBI - traumatic brain injury, TD - typically developing, GCS - Glasgow coma scale, BMI - body mass index, PBS - pediatric balance scale, CCTT-1 - children’s color trail test-1, CCTT-2 - children’s color trail test-2, SD - standard deviation

Table 2

Postural sway performance under different attentional loading conditions in TBI and TD Children.

Postural sway	Single task		Concurrent motor task		Concurrent cognitive task		Within group factor	Between group factor	Interaction
	TBI children	TD children	TBI children	TD children	TBI children	TD children		P-value
	Mean±SD							P-value
Sway area (m²/s⁵)	0.026±0.059	0.007±0.005	0.026±0.005	0.011±0.007	0.037±0.029	0.02±0.015	0.107	0.048^*	0.831
AP Sway velocity (m/s)	0.222±0.165	0.103±0.057	0.341±0.313	0.18±0.098	0.381±0.262	0.225±0.107	<0.001^*	0.005^*	0.648
ML Sway velocity (m/s)	0.125±0.104	0.06±0.037	0.166±0.102	0.095±0.049	0.198±0.161	0.1±0.056	0.002^*	0.003^*	0.433
AP Sway Distance (m/s²)	0.086±0.077	0.054±0.024	0.115±0.09	0.074±0.034	0.128±0.071	0.099±0.053	0.001^*	0.046^*	0.732
ML Sway Distance (m/s²)	0.059±0.049	0.031±0.017	0.064±0.043	0.044±0.027	0.077±0.042	0.054±0.022	0.003^*	0.018^*	0.61

↵* p-value<0.05, TBI - traumatic brain injury, TD - typically developing, AP - anterior-posterior, ML - medio-lateral, SD - standard deviation.