Optic disc characteristics on digital fundus photographs in Saudi children

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Figure 1
- Digital mapping of well-focused fundus photograph of the RE of a full-term, medically free 17-year-old female demonstrating a disc area of 2.32 mm² (A), cup area of 0.53 mm² (B), and rim area of 1.79 mm² (C).
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Figure 2
- Frequency distribution of (A) optic disc area, (B) cup area, (C) neuro-retinal rim area, and (D) cup-disc area

Table 1

- Demographic data of 85 full-term children.

VA- visual acuity, GA - gestational age

Table 2

- Optic disc parameters (ODA, neuro-retinal rim area and cup area) and cup/disc ratios of 85 full term Saudi children.

Variables	Min	Max	Mean±SD	Median	1^st	5th	95th
Disk area
Right eye	1.15	3.20	2.33± 0.4	2.33	1.15	1.76	2.95
Left eye	1.38	3.52	2.33±0.4	2.33	1.38	1.62	3.03
Cup area
Right eye	0.18	0.93	0.51±0.2	0.48	0.18	0.28	0.82
Left eye	0.26	1.25	0.50±0.2	0.46	0.26	0.29	0.90
Rim area
Right eye	0.84	2.83	1.83±0.3	1.80	0.84	1.35	2.36
Left eye	1.10	2.76	1.84±0.3	1.84	1.10	1.28	2.40
C/D ratio
Right eye	0.10	0.35	0.22±0.1	0.21	0.10	0.13	0.33
Left eye	0.11	0.41	0.21±0.1	0.20	0.11	0.13	0.32
Rim/Disk Area
Right eye	0.65	0.90	0.78±0.1	0.80	0.65	0.67	0.87
Left eye	0.59	0.89	0.79±0.1	0.80	0.59	0.68	0.87
Axial length
Right eye	20.63	25.43	22.67±1.1	22.76	20.63	20.94	24.78
Left eye	20.48	25.59	22.65±1.1	22.69	20.48	21.06	24.54

1^st percentile , 5^th percentile, 95^th percentile, C/D area cup/disc area Min - minimum, Max - Maximum, SD - standard deviation

Table 3

- Age specific distribution of optic nerve parameters, spherical equivalent and axial length.

Age	3-7 years	8-12 years	13-17 years	P-value
Spherical equivalent	1.26±1.2^A	0.97±1.8^A	0.07±2.0^B	0.024^{^a,^b}
Spherical equivalent	1.38(-1.3-3.8)	0.75(-3.5-5.3)	0.31(-5.0-4.0)	0.024^{^a,^b}
Disk area	2.27±0.4	2.38±0.3	2.35±0.4	0.472
Disk area	2.24(1.6-2.9)	2.46(1.4-2.8)	2.36(1.7-3.1)	0.472
Cup area	0.52±0.2	0.50±0.1	0.49±0.2	0.729
Cup area	0.48(0.2-1.1)	0.49(0.3-0.8)	0.45(0.3-0.8)	0.729
Rim area	1.64±0.3^A	1.64±0.3^A	1.36±0.2^B	0.007^{^a,^b}
Rim area	1.57(1.2-2.8)	1.65(1.1-2.2)	1.36(1.1-1.7)	0.007^{^a,^b}
C/D area	0.23±0.1	0.21±0.0	0.21±0.0	0.304
C/D area	0.21(0.1-0.4)	0.20(0.1-0.3)	0.20(0.2-0.3)	0.304
Rim/Disk Area	0.77±0.1	0.79±0.0	0.79±0.0	0.305
Rim/Disk Area	0.79(0.6-0.9)	0.80(0.7-0.9)	0.81(0.7-0.9)	0.305
Axial length	22.11±0.7^A	22.70±1.2^B	23.89±1.0^C	<0.001^{^a,^c}
Axial length	22.08(21.0-23.9)	22.79(20.0-24.6)	23.79(22.3-25.5)	<0.001^{^a,^c}

*CAPITAL letters indicates Post-Hoc multiple pairing summary indicator.

Having the same letter means the same measure statistically, C/D area=cup disc area

Table 4

- Sex- specific distribution of optic nerve parameters, spherical equivalent and axial length.

Variables	Male	Female	P-value
Spherical equivalent	0.99±1.3	0.80±2.1	0.589
Spherical equivalent	0.88(-1.3-4.0)	0.75(-5.0-5.3)	0.589
Disk area	2.35±0.4	2.32±0.3	0.709
Disk area	2.38(1.6-3.1)	2.36(1.4-2.9)	0.709
Cup area	0.51±0.2	0.49±0.2	0.577
Cup area	0.48(0.3-1.0)	0.46(0.2-1.1)	0.577
Rim area	1.61±0.3	1.59±0.3	0.732
Rim area	1.59(1.1-2.2)	1.55(1.1-2.8)	0.732
C/D area	0.22±0.1	0.21±0.1	0.545
C/D area	0.21(0.1-0.3)	0.20(0.1-0.4)	0.545
Rim/Disk Area	0.78±0.1	0.79±0.1	0.531
Rim/Disk Area	0.80(0.7-0.9)	0.81(0.6-0.9)	0.531
Axial length	22.72±1.0	22.19±1.2	0.019^{^a}
Axial length	22.63(20.6-25.2)	21.91(19.3-25.5)	0.019^{^a}