Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

Awareness of stroke among patients attending primary healthcare services in Abha, Southwestern Saudi Arabia

Adel A. Alhazzani, Ahmed A. Mahfouz, Ahmed Y. Abolyazid, Nabil J. Awadalla, Razia A. Ahmed, Aesha F. Siddiqui and Shamsun N. Khalil
Neurosciences Journal July 2019, 24 (3) 214-220; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2019.3.20180041

Article Figures & Data

Tables

  • Table 1

    Knowledge of stroke, site, types and risk factors among the study sample of primary healthcare attendants in Abha, Southwestern Saudi Arabia (n=1472).

    KnowledgeProper knowledge
    n (%)
    Site
     Brain1285 (87.3)
    Types
     Thrombosis936 (63.6)
     Hemorrhage643 (43.7)
    Risk factors
     Stress and anxiety428 (29.1)
     Hypertension821 (55.8)
     Dyslipidemia674 (45.8)
     Smoking616 (41.8)
     Diabetes mellitus513 (34.9)
     Obesity508 (34.5)
     Sedentary life400 (27.2)
     Aging539 (36.6)
     Family tendency172 (11.7)
    Number of correctly identified risk factors
     Less than 2 risk factors313 (21.3)
     2-4 risk factors835 (56.7)
     More than 4 risk factors324 (22.0)
  • Table 2

    Knowledge of stroke symptoms, outcomes and responses to an attack among the study sample of primary healthcare attendants in Abha city, Southwestern Saudi Arabia (n=1472).

    KnowledgeProper Knowledge No. (%)
    n (%)
    Symptoms
     Dizziness750 (51.0)
     Sudden severe headache796 (54.1)
     Sudden confusion263 (17.9)
     Disturbed vision460 (31.3)
     Difficulty speaking657 (44.6)
     Difficulty walking228 (15.5)
     One side paralysis518 (35.2)
     Face paralysis289 (19.6)
     One side numbness412 (28.0)
    Number of correctly identified symptoms
     Less than 2 symptoms347 (23.6)
     2 - 4 symptoms856 (58.2)
     More than 4 symptoms269 (18.3)
    Response to attack
     Inform a family members and neighbors515 (35.0)
     Contact a doctor1075 (73.0)
     Go to the hospital989 (67.2)
     Call an ambulance772 (52.4)
    Improper response (Ignore/self-prescribed medication)277 (18.8)
    Outcomes
     Paralysis803 (54.6)
     Speech problem491 (33.4)
     Walking problem476 (32.3)
     Visual problem361 (24.5)
     Hearing problem276 (18.8)
     Psychological problem243 (16.5)
     Death931 (63.2)
  • Table 3

    Uni-variate and multivariate analysis of potential determinants of insufficient knowledge of stroke symptoms (knowledge less than 2 symptoms) among the study sample of primary healthcare attendants in Abha, Southwestern Saudi Arabia (n=1472).

    VariablesKnowledge of symptomsUni-variate cOR (95%CI)Multivariate aOR (95%CI)
    SufficientInsufficient
    n (%)
    Gender
     Male755 (67.1)236 (68.0)-0.96 (0.74-1.26)
     Female370 (32.9)111 (32.0)0.96 (0.74-1.24)
    Education
     <secondary181 (16.1)62 (17.9)-0.92 (0.64-1.33)
     ≥secondary944 (83.9)285 (82.1)0.88 (0.64-1.21)
    Age (years)
     <40790 (70.2)257 (74.1)-0.86 (0.62-1.20)
     ≥40335 (29.8)90 (25.9)0.83 (0.63-1.08)
    Marital status
     Single470 (41.8)156 (45.0)-0.97(0.74-1.28)
     Married655 (58.2)191 (55.0)0.88 (0.69-1.12)
    Sources of knowledge*
     Media*685 (60.9)173 (49.9)0.64 (0.50-0.81)0.43 (0.32-0.59)**
     Physician and nurses*253 (22.5)50 (14.4)0.58 (0.42-0.81)0.46 (0.32-0.66)**
     Friends and relatives*514 (45.7)113 (32.6)0.57 (0.45-0.74)0.40 (0.29-0.55)**

    • cOR - crude odds ratio, CI - confidence interval, aOR - adjusted odds ratio for other studied variables,

    • ↵* Presence of each source of knowledge was compared to absence of this source,

    • ↵** Significant at p-value<0.05

  • Table 4

    Uni-variate and multivariate analysis of potential determinants of insufficient knowledge of stroke risk factors (knowledge less than 2 risk factors) among the study sample of primary healthcare attendants in Abha, Southwestern Saudi Arabia (n=1472).

    VariablesKnowledge of symptomsUni-variate cOR (95%CI)Multivariate aOR (95%CI)
    SufficientInsufficient
    n (%)
    Gender
     Male788 (68.0)203 (64.9)-1.25 (0.94-1.65)
     Female371 (32.0110 (35.1)1.15 (0.88-1.50)
    Education
     <secondary195 (16.8)48 (15.3)-1.37 (0.92-2.06)
     ≥secondary964 (83.2)265 (84.7)1.12 (0.79-1.57)
    Age (years)
     <40812 (70.1)235 (75.1)-0.94 (0.66-1.34)
     ≥40347 (29.9)78 (24.9)0.78 (0.58-1.03)
    Marital status
     Single481 (41.5)145 (46.3)-0.89 (0.67-1.18)
     Married678 (58.5)168 (53.7)0.82 (0.64-1.05)
    Sources of knowledge*
     Media*719 (62.0)139 (44.4)0.49 (0.38-0.63)0.28 (0.20-0.39)**
     Physician and nurses*260 (22.4)43 (13.7)0.55 (0.39-0.78)0.38 (0.26-0.57)**
     Friends and relatives*524 (45.2)103 (32.9)0.59 (0.45-0.77)0.35 (0.25-0.49)**

    • cOR - crude odds ratio, CI - confidence interval, aOR - adjusted odds ratio for other studied variables,

    • ↵* Presence of each source of knowledge was compared to absence of this source,

    • ↵** Significant at p-value <0.05

  • Table 5

    Uni-variate and multivariate analysis of potential determinants of insufficient knowledge of proper response to stroke attack among the study sample of primary healthcare attendants in Abha, Southwestern Saudi Arabia (n=1472).

    VariablesKnowledge of proper responseUni-variate COR (95%CI)Multivariate AOR (95%CI)
    YesNo
    n (%)
    Gender
     Male831 (69.5)160 (57.8)-1.70 (1.29-2.25)**
     Female364 (30.5)117 (42.2)1.67 (1.27-2.18)
    Education
     <secondary185 (15.5)58 (20.9)-0.94 (0.64-1.38)
     ≥secondary1010 (84.5)219 (79.1)0.69 (0.49-0.96)
    Age (years)
     <40885 (74.1)162 (58.5)-1.84 (1.32-2.55)**
     ≥40310 (25.9)115 (41.5)2.03 (1.54-2.66)
    Marital status
     Single537 (44.9)89 (32.1)-1.36 (1.01-1.85)**
     Married658 (55.1)188 (67.9)1.72 (1.30-2.27)
    Sources of knowledge*
     Media*678 (56.7)180 (65.0)1.41 (01.08-1.86)1.95 (1.43-2.67)**
     Physician and nurses*224 (18.7)79 (28.5)1.73 (1.28 -2.33)1.88 (1.38-2.57)**
     Friends and relatives*500 (41.8)127 (45.8)1.17 (0.90- 1.53)1.54 (1.15-2.06)**

    • cOR - crude odds ratio, aOR - adjusted odds ratio for other studied variables, CI - confidence interval.

    • ↵* Presence of each source of knowledge was compared to absence of this source,

    • ↵** Significant at p-value <0.05

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