Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

The comorbidity of headaches in pediatric epilepsy patients: How common and what types?

Hanin Al-Gethami, Talal Alrifai Muhammad, Ahmed AlRumayyan, Waleed AlTuwaijri and Duaa Baarmah
Neurosciences Journal October 2019, 24 (4) 284-289; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2019.4.20190043

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Tables

  • Table 1

    Demographics and presence of headaches in the patient and control groups.

    DemographicsPatientsn=142Controln=153P-value
    Gender (male)82 (57.7%)85 (55.5%)0.70
    Age (years; mean, standard deviation)10.7 (±3.1)10.6 (±2.9)0.35
    Headache65 (45.7%)3 (1.96%)<0.00001
  • Table 2

    Comparison of patients with headache to patients without headache.

    CharacteristicsPatients with headache n=65Patients without headache n=77P-value
    n(%)
    Gender (male [%])35 (53.8)47 (61)0.38
    Age (years; mean ± standard deviation)11 (±3.1)10.6 (±3.2)0.22
    Type of seizures: Partial (%)47 (72.3)55 (71.4)0.90
    Generalized (%)18 (27.6)22 (28.5)
    Epilepsy syndrome: Idiopathic54 (83)61 (79.2)0.55
    Symptomatic11 (16.9)16 (20.7)
    Frequent seizures24 (36.9)29 (37.6)0.92
    Lobe type seizure: Occipital lobe seizure7 (10.7)9 (11.6)0.86
    Temporal lobe seizure19 (29.2)22 (28.5)0.93
    Parietal lobe seizure3 (4.6)5 (6.4)0.68
    Frontal lobe seizure17 (26)17 (22)0.57
    Drug used: Carbamazepine25 (38.4)30 (38.9)0.95
    Levetiracetam17 (26)18 (23.3)0.70
    Valproic acid20 (30.7)24 (31)0.95
    Topiramate3 (4.6)8 (10.3)0.22
    Poly-therapy14 (21.5)11 (14.2)0.25
    Others anti-epileptic drugs13 (20)7 (9)0.06
  • Table 3

    Comparison of patient subgroups with migraine or non-migraine headaches.

    Patient subgroupsMigraine n=29No migraine n=36P-value
    n (%)
    Age (years; mean, standard deviation)10.9 (2.8)11.1 (3.4)0.39
    Gender: male16 (55)19 (52.7)0.84
    female13 (44.8)17 (47.2)0.84
    Epilepsy syndrome: Idiopathic21 (72.4)22 (61.1)0.33
    Symptomatic6 (20.6)5 (13.8)0.46
    Type of seizure: Focal22 (75.8)25 (69.4)0.56
    Generalized7 (24)11 (30.5)0.56
    Focal seizure: occipital lobe3 (10.3)3 (8.3)0.78
    Temporal lobe8 (27.5)10 (27.7)0.98
    Parietal lobe1 (3.4)2 (5.5)0.68
    Frontal lobe10 (34.4)6 (16.6)0.09
    Medication: Carbamazepine12 (41.3)13 (36.1)0.66
    Levetiracetam9 (31)8 (22.2)0.42
    Valproic acid5 (17.2)15 (41.6)0.03
    Topiramate03 (8.3)0.24
    Poly-therapy4 (13.7)9 (25)0.35
    Others anti-epileptic drugs7 (24.1)6 (16)0.45
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