Depression, anxiety and stress among medical and non-medical students in Saudi Arabia: An epidemiological comparative cross-sectional study

From the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, from the Department of Community Medicine (Milaat, Ramadan), from the Department of Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Education (Baig), Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Epidemiology and Statistics (Elmorsy), King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, from the Faculty of Medicine (Beyari, Halawanim, Azab, Zahrani, Khayat) Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Alazhar University, and from the Department of Pharmacology (Elmorsy), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

From the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, from the Department of Community Medicine (Milaat, Ramadan), from the Department of Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Education (Baig), Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Epidemiology and Statistics (Elmorsy), King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, from the Faculty of Medicine (Beyari, Halawanim, Azab, Zahrani, Khayat) Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Alazhar University, and from the Department of Pharmacology (Elmorsy), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

From the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, from the Department of Community Medicine (Milaat, Ramadan), from the Department of Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Education (Baig), Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Epidemiology and Statistics (Elmorsy), King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, from the Faculty of Medicine (Beyari, Halawanim, Azab, Zahrani, Khayat) Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Alazhar University, and from the Department of Pharmacology (Elmorsy), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

From the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, from the Department of Community Medicine (Milaat, Ramadan), from the Department of Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Education (Baig), Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Epidemiology and Statistics (Elmorsy), King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, from the Faculty of Medicine (Beyari, Halawanim, Azab, Zahrani, Khayat) Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Alazhar University, and from the Department of Pharmacology (Elmorsy), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

From the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, from the Department of Community Medicine (Milaat, Ramadan), from the Department of Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Education (Baig), Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Epidemiology and Statistics (Elmorsy), King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, from the Faculty of Medicine (Beyari, Halawanim, Azab, Zahrani, Khayat) Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Alazhar University, and from the Department of Pharmacology (Elmorsy), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

From the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, from the Department of Community Medicine (Milaat, Ramadan), from the Department of Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Education (Baig), Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Epidemiology and Statistics (Elmorsy), King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, from the Faculty of Medicine (Beyari, Halawanim, Azab, Zahrani, Khayat) Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Alazhar University, and from the Department of Pharmacology (Elmorsy), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

From the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, from the Department of Community Medicine (Milaat, Ramadan), from the Department of Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Education (Baig), Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Epidemiology and Statistics (Elmorsy), King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, from the Faculty of Medicine (Beyari, Halawanim, Azab, Zahrani, Khayat) Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Alazhar University, and from the Department of Pharmacology (Elmorsy), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

From the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, from the Department of Community Medicine (Milaat, Ramadan), from the Department of Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Education (Baig), Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Epidemiology and Statistics (Elmorsy), King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, from the Faculty of Medicine (Beyari, Halawanim, Azab, Zahrani, Khayat) Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Alazhar University, and from the Department of Pharmacology (Elmorsy), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

From the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, from the Department of Community Medicine (Milaat, Ramadan), from the Department of Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Education (Baig), Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Epidemiology and Statistics (Elmorsy), King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, from the Faculty of Medicine (Beyari, Halawanim, Azab, Zahrani, Khayat) Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Alazhar University, and from the Department of Pharmacology (Elmorsy), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

From the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, from the Department of Community Medicine (Milaat, Ramadan), from the Department of Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Education (Baig), Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Epidemiology and Statistics (Elmorsy), King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, from the Faculty of Medicine (Beyari, Halawanim, Azab, Zahrani, Khayat) Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Alazhar University, and from the Department of Pharmacology (Elmorsy), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt