Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
- Flow chart of patient enrollment.
- Figure 2
- Comparison of CANP scores between patients with unfavorable and favorable neurological outcome in the validation cohort. CANP- Cardiac Arrest Neurological Prognosis.
Tables
Variable Derivation cohort (n = 80) Validation cohort (n = 79) Age (years), mean±SD 50.23±18.89 54.57±14.40 Male, n (%) 54 (67.5) 45 (57.0) Witnessed, n (%) 60 (75.0) 71 (89.9) Bystander CPR, n (%) 55 (68.8) 33 (41.8) Out-of-hospital CA, n (%) 47 (58.8) 49 (62.0) Comorbidities, n (%) Coronary artery disease 9 (11.3) 10 (12.7) Hypertension 31 (38.8) 35 (44.3) Diabetes 14 (17.5) 17 (21.5) Stroke 9 (11.3) 8 (10.1) Initial rhythm, shockable, n (%) 29 (36.3) 21 (26.6) Cardiac etiology, n (%) 41 (51.2) 24 (30.4) Duration of resuscitation (min), median (IQR) 31.00 (17.75-50.00) 20.00 (12.00-40.00) Length of stay in hospital (d), median (IQR) 11.00 (4.00-22.75) 12.00 (6.00-19.00) GCS-M ≤2, n (%) 61 (76.3) 54 (68.4) Pupillary/corneal reflex, n (%) 52 (65.0) 39 (49.4) GWR, median (IQR) Basal ganglia 1.18 (1.11-1.29) 1.18 (1.10-1.28) Average 1.24 (1.12-1.35) 1.22 (1.16-1.33) NSE (ng/ml), median (IQR) 83.51 (36.28-243.90) 86.87 (36.30-300.00) CPC at 30 days, n (%) CPC 3-5 58 (72.5) 55 (69.6) CPC 1-2 22 (27.5) 24 (30.4) SD- standard deviation, CPR- cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CA- cardiac arrest, IQR- interquartile range, GCS-M- Glasgow Coma Scale motor score, GWR- gray-white matter ratio, NSE- neuron-specific enolase, CPC- cerebral performance category
- Table 2
- Univariate analysis of prognostic factors associated with unfavorable neurological outcome in the derivation cohort.
Variables Unfavorable outcome CPC 3-5 (n=58) Favorable outcome CPC 1-2 (n=22) P-value Age (years), mean±SD 49.35±19.53 52.55±17.29 0.502 Male, n (%) 40 (69.0) 14 (63.6) 0.650 Witnessed, n (%) 39 (67.2) 21 (95.5) 0.009 Bystander CPR, n (%) 36 (62.1) 19 (86.4) 0.036 Out-of-hospital CA, n (%) 35 (60.3) 12 (54.5) 0.638 Comorbidities, n (%) Coronary artery disease 9 (15.5) 0 (0) 0.118 Hypertension 22 (37.9) 9 (40.9) 0.807 Diabetes 8 (13.8) 6 (27.3) 0.277 Stroke 6 (10.3) 3 (13.6) 0.984 Initial rhythm, shockable, n (%) 16 (27.6) 13 (59.1) 0.009 Cardiac etiology, n (%) 27 (46.6) 14 (63.6) 0.172 Duration of resuscitation (min), median (IQR) 40.00 (25.75-79.75) 29.50 (16.75-51.75) 0.035 Length of stay in hospital (d), median (IQR) 11.50 (5.00-23.25) 18.50 (14.00-24.25) 0.097 GCS-M ≤ 2, n (%) 54 (93.1) 7 (31.8) <0.001 Pupillary/corneal reflex, n (%) 30 (51.7) 22 (100) <0.001 GWR, median (IQR) Basal ganglia 1.15 (1.08-1.24) 1.27 (1.22-1.37) <0.001 Average 1.20 (1.09-1.31) 1.32 (1.24-1.44) 0.001 NSE (ng/ml), median (IQR) 151.60 (67.23-347.35) 37.00 (30.32-49.95) <0.001 CPC- cerebral performance category, SD- standard deviation, CPR- cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CA- cardiac arrest, IQR- interquartile range, GCS-M- Glasgow Coma Scale motor score, GWR - gray-white matter ratio, NSE - neuron-specific enolase
Scores 0 1 2 Witnessed/Bystander CPR Witnessed, Bystander CPR Witnessed, No bystander CPR No witnessed Initial rhythm Shockable Nonshockable Duration of resuscitation < 30min ≥ 30min GCS-M > 2 ≤ 2 Pupillary/corneal reflex Yes No GWR-basal ganglia ≥ 1.20 1.15-1.19 < 1.15 NSE (ng/ml) < 80 80-159 ≥ 160 CPR- cardiopulmonary resuscitation; GCS-M- Glasgow Coma Scale motor score; GWR- gray-white matter ratio; NSE- neuron-specific enolase
- Table 4
- ROC-analysis for prediction of unfavorable neurological outcome in both derivation and validation cohorts.
Prognostic factors Cut-off value Sensitivity (%) Specificity (%) PPV (%) NPV (%) AUC (95% CI) P-value Derivation cohort CANP ≥3 94.8 77.3 91.7 85.0 0.948 (0.902-0.993) <0.001 ≥5 65.5 100 100 52.4 GWR ≤1.18 65.5 86.4 92.7 48.7 0.784 (0.686-0.883) <0.001 Validation cohort CANP ≥5 68.8 100 100 80.0 0.964 (0.928-0.999) <0.001 GWR ≤1.18 50.0 87.8 79.2 65.5 0.783 (0.681-0.885) <0.001 PPV- positive predictive value, NPV- negative predictive value, AUC - area under the curve, CI - confidence interval, CANP - Cardiac Arrest Neurological Prognosis, GWR - gray-white matter ratio
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