Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
- Distribution of RAND-36 scores of quality of life in patient vs. control groups.
Tables
Variables Total Group P-value Patient n (%) Control Age Min-Max 18-65 18-65 18-59 <0.001a Mean±SD 31.06±8.6 28.03±8.0 33.93±8.2 Total 210(100) 102(48.6) 108(51.4) - Gender Male 104 (49.5) 57 (55.9) 47 (43.5) 0.073 Female 106 (50.5) 45 (44.1) 61 (56.5) Marital status Single 86 (41.0) 56 (54.9) 30 (27.8) <0.001b Married 120 (57.1) 44 (43.1) 76 (70.4) Divorced 4 (1.9) 2 (2.0) 2 (1.9) Employment Student/school 14(6.7) 11(10.8) 3(2.8) <0.001b Student/collage 28(13.3) 19(18.6) 9(8.3) Employed 126(60.0) 44(43.1) 82(75.9) Unemployed 39(18.6) 27(26.5) 12(11.1) Retired 3(1.4) 1(1.0) 2 (1.9) Education Elementary school 2(1.0) 2(2.0) 0(0.0) <0.001b Intermediate school 3(1.4) 3(2.9) 0(0.0) High school 59(28.1) 47(46.1) 12(11.1) Diploma 18(8.6) 6(5.9) 12(11.1) Bachelor 89(42.4) 40(39.2) 49(45.4) Master 39(18.6) 4(3.9) 35(32.4) Variables Min - Max Mean±SD Seizure onset age 1 - 60 16.45±9.164 Total 102 (100) Type of seizure Focal 65 (63.7) Generalized 37 (36.3) Focal epilepsy subtypes Frontal 13 (12.7) Occipital 1 (1.0) Parietal 3 (2.9) Temporal 37 (36.3) Undetermined 11 (10.8) Duration of epilepsy <5 years 27 (26.5) 5-10 years 28 (27.5) >10 years 47 (46.1) Seizure frequency Daily 12 (11.8) Weekly 16 (15.7) Monthly 37 (36.3) Annually 34 (33.3) > 1 year 3 (3.0) Seizure timing Anytime 51 (50.0) Daytime 23 (22.5) Night 28 (27.5) Number of current ASDs 1 40 (39.2) 2 44 (43.1) >2 18 (17.6) RAND-36 Total Patient Control P-value 210 102 108 - PF 92.02±15.9 93.28±14.1 90.82±17.4 0.263 RP 76.31±37.6 66.67±41.4 85.42±31.2 <0.001a RE 71.19±41.6 65.03±44.8 77.01±37.6 0.038a VT 59.47±24.1 59.61±27.2 59.34±21.0 0.936 MH 66.86±22.9 66.78±24.7 66.94±21.3 0.962 SF 76.49±26.0 75.25±29.2 77.66±22.7 0.506 BP 85.62±20.7 87.99±21.7 83.38±19.5 0.107 GH 72.18±17.3 68.71±19.7 75.46±14.1 0.005a PCS 84.65±19.2 82.65±20.2 86.54±18.1 0.144 MCS 71.51±24.7 69.02±26.3 73.87±23.0 0.158 Total 73.67±17.3 72.68±19.4 74.59±15.1 0.429 ↵a Significant when using Welch’s t-test at 0.05, PF - physical functioning, BP - bodily pain, RP - role limitations due to physical health, RE - role limitations due to personal or emotional health, MH - emotional well-being or mental health, SF - social functioning, VT - vitality or energy/fatigue, GH - general health perceptions, MCS - mental component summary, PCS - physical component summary
Correlations Role limitations due to physical health Role limitations due to emotional health Energy/Fatigue Emotional well-being Social functioning Pain General health Health change Physical functioning r 0.432** 0.215** 0.171* 0.105 0.270** 0.206** 0.310** 0.198** p-value <0.001 0.002 0.013 0.130 <0.001 0.003 <0.001 0.004 N 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 Role limitations due to physical health r 0.490** 0.324** 0.233** 0.424** 0.369** 0.405** 0.204** p-value <0.001 <0.001 0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.003 N 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 Role limitations due to emotional health r 0.413** 0.454** 0.516** 0.216** 0.409** 0.215** p-value <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 <0.001 0.002 N 210 210 210 210 210 210 Energy/fatigue r 0.714** 0.539** 0.406** 0.564** 0.429** p-value <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 N 210 210 210 210 210 Emotional well-being r 0.484** 0.333** 0.525** 0.305** p-value <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 N 210 210 210 210 Social functioning r 0.401** 0.440** 0.304** p-value <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 N 210 210 210 Pain r 0.350** 0.227** p-value <0.001 0.001 N 210 210 General health r 0.317** p-value <0.001 N 210 - Table 5
- Correlation between patients’ personal and clinical data with different quality of life domains in the QOLIE-31 Survey.
Variables Seizure worry Overall quality of life Emotional well-being Energy/Fatigue Cognitive Medication effect Social function QOLIE-31 score Gender P-value 0.121 0.461 0.092 0.028a 0.644 0.016a 0.003a 0.029a Marital status P-value 0.163 0.336 0.358 0.255 0.871 0.148 0.067 0.166 Employment P-value 0.814 0.984 0.590 0.928 0.956 0.243 0.023a 0.597 Education P-value 0.761 0.623 0.523 0.705 0.794 0.438 0.069 0.754 Type of seizure P-value 0.092 0.873 0.384 0.413 0.778 0.960 0.462 0.824 Duration of epilepsy P-value 0.953 0.427 0.329 0.727 0.517 0.850 0.362 0.358 Number of current ASMs P-value 0.545 0.721 0.742 0.813 0.858 0.978 0.496 0.873 Seizure frequency P-value 0.151 0.253 0.012a 0.240 0.249 0.736 0.098 0.146 ↵a Significant when using one-way ANOVA at <0.05,
b Using Games-Howell nonparametric post-hoc test, ASM - antiseizure medications
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