Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

The Effects of cervical mobilization and clinical pilates exercises in cervicogenic headache: randomized controlled trial

Meltem Uzun, Yasemin Ekmekyapar Fırat, Nevin Ergun and Türkan Akbayrak
Neurosciences Journal October 2024, 29 (4) 231-238; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2024.4.20240012

Article Figures & Data

Tables

  • Table 1

    - Demographics and presence of headache.

     CM (n=13)
    X±SD    		CPE (n=12)
    X±SD    		CM+CPE (n=12)
    X±SD    		P
    Age(years)34.9±9.21431.75±9.46930.25±9.0160.468*
    Presence of headache (years)3.38±2.1422.67±1.9233.25±2.4540.628*
    BMI (kg/m2)21.432±4.89624.901±7.146320.612±3.9460.274*
    Gendern (%)n (%)n (%) 
    Famele9(%69)10(%35.7)9(%75)0.712†
    Male4(%31)2(%22.2)3(%25) 

    X:Mean; SD:Standard deviation; BMI: Body mass index; CM: Cervical Mobilization Group; CPE: Clinical Pilates Exercises Group;

    • ↵* Chi-square;

    • ↵† Mann-Whitney U test *p < 0.05

  • Table 2

    - Comparisons of outcome measures within and between groups.

     CM X±SSp†CPE X±SSp†CM+CPE X±SSp†Zp‡
    Pain / Frequency(times month)
    Pre-treatment13.38±7.540.001*11.17±4.6090,003*17.08±10.710.002*  
    Post-treatment3.62±2.78 7.92±3.315 3.58±2.99   
    Change9.769±5.433 3.250±1.912 13.5±8.969 15.6810.000*
    İntensity(cm)
    Pre-treatment5.81±1.180.001*6.15±1.090,002*7.43±1.040.002*  
    Post-treatment1.74±1.41 3.75±0.89 1.88±1.14   
    Change4.072±1.076 2.40±0.968 5.55±1.720 20.9980.001*
    Number of analgesic (per month)
    Pre-treatment12.23±10.940,001*8±4.510,002*13.75±12.700.002*  
    Post-treatment2.62±3.30 5.17±3 2.42±2.39   
    Change9.615±8.713 2.833±2.480 11.33±11.36 8.0450.018*
    Posture / Head translation
    Pre-treatment4.27±3.030.002*3.34±2.740.008*2.66±2.110.008*  
    Post-treatment3.38±2.45 1.35±1.54 1.35±2.06   
    Change0.89±0.84 1.98±1.57 1.40±1.10 2.5820.275
    Head angulation
    Pre-treatment14.62±9.950.001*9.62±6.240.002*12.10±5.030.002*  
    Post-treatment12.16±8.24 4.55±3.27 7.63±4.42   
    Change2.45±2.59 5.06±3.37 5.55±3.14 9.4050.009*
    Shoulder translation
    Pre-treatment2.48±1.610.002*1.43±1.610.012*2.07±1.810.008*  
    Post-treatment1.65±1.42 0.425±0.777 1.08±1.17   
    Change0.670±0.428 1.00±0.954 1.39±1.20 2.0110.366
    Shoulder angulation
    Pre-treatment2.60±1.100.001*1.32±1.360.008*2.72±1.070.002*  
    Post-treatment1.11±1.55 0.323±0.482 1.44±1.02   
    Change0.767±0.407 1.00±0.936 1.52±0.563 9.0610.011*
    CROM° /Flexion
    Pre-treatment37.30±6.840.003*33.33±7.040.016*34.5±6.860.011*  
    Post-treatment44.61±5.56 41.92±4.94 44±2.55   
    Change7.307±3.682 8.58±6.41 9.50±6.62 0.2840.867
    Extension
    Pre-treatment57.46±10.880.004*56.83±9.190.026*58.75±7.410,011*  
    Post-treatment64.92±9.4 63.25±7.11 67.33±3.11   
    Change7.46±5.44 6.41±4.83 8.58±5.56 1.2970.523
    R lateral flexion
    Pre-treatment29.53±4.550.003*32.17±3.880.018*26.83±5.820.007*  
    Post-treatment36.30±4.76 37.50±2.27 37.08±2.02   
    Change6.76±2.04 5.33±3.62 10.25±5.67 7.2630.026*
    L lateral flexion
    Pre-treatment31.38±3.880.003*30.33±3.770.002*27.75±5.730.005*  
    Post-treatment36.92±4.40 36.58±2.23 36.41±3.23   
    Change5.53±2.50 6.25±4.474 8.66±5.67 2.0190.364
    R rotation
    Pre-treatment51.30±6.880.003*52.42±7.660.011*52.91±7.340.002*  
    Post-treatment62.53±5.12 59.25±7.32 64.08±3.39   
    Change11.23±5.34 6.83±2.58 11.16±5.06 6.4420.040*
    L Rotation
    Pre-treatment52.53±5.230.002*54.75±8.040.018*53.16±8.810.012*  
    Post-treatment61.76±3.1 61.67±6.86 63.5±3   
    Change9.23±5.68 6.91±4.46 10.33±6.91 1.9410.379
    DNFE(mmhg)
    Pre-treatment10.77±3.110.003*11.33±4.110.008*10.83±2.320.002*  
    Post-treatment16.62±3.30 16.50±4.01 19.83±2.75   
    Change5.84±2.76 5.16±1.58 9±2.17 14.1340.001*

    Mean±Standard deviation (SD),

    CM: Cervikal Mobilization Group; CPE: Clinic Pilates Exercises Group; R: right; L: left; CROM: Cervical Range of Motion; DNFE: Deep Neck Flexor Endurance

    • ↵* p<0.05 for p† (within the group) by Wilcoxon test and p‡ (between groups) by Kruskal-Wallis test.

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