Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
Flow diagram of traumatic spinal cord injury patient selection, randomization, and follow-up.
- Figure 2
American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) Grade Improvement at 12 months: A) early versus B) late surgery in traumatic spinal cord injury patients.
- Figure 3
Mean American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) motor score at baseline and over 1-month, 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month postoperative (post-op) follow-up visits in incomplete traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and early versus late surgery groups. No change in motor score was observed in patients with complete traumatic spinal cord injury.
Tables
- Table 1
Patient baseline and group characteristics among traumatic spinal cord injury patients.
Characteristics Overall (n=35) Early surgery (n=16) Late surgery (n=19) P-value Age, mean±SD 35±12.07 31.7±9.1 37.8±13.70 0.126 Gender, n (%) 0.748 Male 25 (71) 11 (69) 14 (74) Female 10 (29) 5 (31) 5 (26) Etiology, n (%) 0.027 Automobile crashes 18 (51) 4 (25) 14 (74) Motorcycle crashes 5 (14) 3 (19) 2 (10) Fall 10 (29) 7 (44) 3 (16) Other 2 (6) 2 (12) 0 Baseline AIS grade, n (%) 0.254 A 16 (46) 7 (44) 9 (47) B 6 (17) 1 (6) 5 (26) C 5 (14) 4 (25) 1 (5) D 8 (23) 4 (25) 4 (21) Hospitalization days, mean±SD 8.5±7.78 7±7.13 9.7±8.28 0.328 Time to surgery, mean hours±SD 32.7±16.0 18.9±4.75 45±11.93 <0.001 Distribution of vertebral fractures, n (%) 0.728 L1 11 (31) 7 (44) 4 (21) T12 12 (34) 5 (31) 7 (37) T11 3 (9) 1 (6) 2 (11) T10 2 (6) 0 2 (11) T9 2 (6) 1 (6) 1 (5) T8 3 (9) 1 (6) 2 (11) T7 0 0 0 T6 1 (3) 0 1 (5) T5 1 (3) 1 (6) 0 Magerl classification of vertebral fracture, n (%) 0.752 A3 7 (20) 2 (13) 5 (26) B1 1 (3) 0 1 (5) B2 6 (17) 3 (19) 3 (16) B3 1 (3) 1 (6) 0 C1 8 (23) 5 (31) 3 (16) C2 6 (17) 2 (13) 4 (21) C3 6 (17) 3 (19) 3 (16) Surgical technique, n (%) 0.987 Short-segment including* 18 (51) 9 (56) 9 (47) Short-segment non-including 1 (3) 0 1 (5) Long-segment including 5 (14) 2 (13) 3 (16) Long-segment non-including 7 (20) 3 (19) 4 (21) 360º† 4 (11) 2 (13) 2 (11) Case # Age Gender Level Etiology E/L C/I Magerl Baseline AIS F/U AIS F/U Surgical technique HR LHR AR LAR 1 20 F T12 CC E I C1 D E 12 SI 70 0 14 0 2 32 M L1 CC L I A3 D E 12 SI 30 0 20 0 3 48 M T12 CC L C C2 A B 12 SI 8 0 0 0 4 36 M L1 CC L I C1 B C 12 SNI 38 3 14 4 5 20 M L1 CC E C C2 A A 12 SI 5 0 24 0 6 45 M L1 MC E I A3 D E 12 SI 15 0 0 2 7 26 M L1 FD E I B2 C D 12 SI 44 1 24 2 8 34 F T12 FD E I C1 C C 12 360° 50 0 20 0 9 51 M L1 MC E I C1 C E 12 SI 22 10 58 6 10 28 F T10 CC L C C3 A A 12 LI 0 0 12 0 11 42 F L1 CC L I B2 C - D LI 15 0 12 0 12 29 M T12 FD E C C1 A A 12 LI 17 0 7 0 13 29 F T12 CC E C C3 A B 12 SI 0 0 0 0 14 54 F T12 CC L I A3 D D 12 SI 40 0 10 0 15 29 M T11 FD E C C3 A - D LNI 15 0 16 0 16 28 M L1 CC L I C1 D D 12 360° 32 0 4 0 17 23 M L1 MC E I C1 C E 12 LI 15 0 0 0 18 36 M T8 Etc E C C3 A A 12 LNI 2 0 24 0 19 57 M T11 CC L C C2 A A 12 SI 45 5 8 0 20 45 M T8 CC L C B2 A A 12 SI 0 15 4 16 21 45 F T9 FD E C C2 A A 12 360° 30 0 0 0 22 21 M T6 MC L C C2 A A 12 SI 5 0 23 0 23 25 M T12 FD L C A3 A A 12 360° 50 0 6 0 24 35 M T12 CC E I A3 B D 12 SI 40 0 6 0 25 68 M T11 FD L I B2 B D 12 LNI 5 0 6 4 26 23 M T8 MC L C C3 A A 12 LI 50 30 0 14 27 40 M T12 CC L I C2 B C 12 SI 8 0 6 22 28 27 M T9 FD L I B1 B C 12 SI 20 15 3 4 29 50 F T12 CC L C C1 A A 12 LNI 51 8 0 0 30 34 M L1 FD E I B3 D D 12 SI 35 0 6 0 31 22 M T12 CC L I A3 B C 12 LNI 35 0 16 0 32 25 M T12 CC L C C3 A A 12 LNI 0 0 0 0 33 47 F T10 CC L I A3 D E 12 SI 10 35 2 0 34 25 M T5 FD E C B2 A A 12 LNI 33 15 8 14 35 26 F L1 Etc E I B2 D E 12 SI 40 0 8 0 - Table 3
Description of restoration/rebuilding of vertebral height and reduction of kyphotic angle one week after surgery, and one year loss of restoration/rebuilding between groups among traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) patients.
Variable Incomplete SCI P-value Complete SCI P-value Early surgery (n=9) Late surgery (n=10) Early surgery (n=7) Late surgery (n=9) Mean height restoration (%) 36.8 ± 17.75 23.3 ± 13.24 0.076 14.6 ± 13.20 23.2 ± 24.65 0.417 Mean height loss of restoration (%) 1.2 ± 3.31 5.3 ± 11.44 0.318 2.1 ± 5.67 6.4 ± 10.25 0.337 Mean angle reduction (°) 15.1 ± 18.09 9.3 ± 6.07 0.350 11.2 ± 10.24 5.8 ± 7.72 0.248 Mean angle loss of reduction (°) 1.1 ± 2.03 3.4 ± 6.8 0.346 2 ± 5.29 3.3 ± 6.63 0.671
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