Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
Distribution of diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients. Ec/MoH - European Commission/Ministry of Health
- Figure 2
Comparisons of pain severity scores (VAS) between the treatment groups across time among diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients.
- Figure 3
Change in pain severity in the treatment groups among diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients. Improved and worse categories includes cases with VAS reduction and increase. VAS - visual analogue scale
Tables
- Table 1
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients.
Baseline characteristics Carbamazepine group Pregabalin group (mean±SD) Venlafaxine group Total P-value* Age (year) 58.3±10.4 55.4±11.1 55.1±9.6 56.3±10.4 0.083 Female, n (%) 44 (51.8) 57 (66.3) 55 (64.0) 156 (60.7) 0.114 Type 2, n (%) 78 (91.8) 79 (91.9) 79 (91.9) 239 (93) 1.000 Duration of diabetes (years) 13.7±5.6 14.2±6.1 12.7±6.0 13.5±5.9 0.256 FBS (mg/dl) 174±63.8 191±86 197±69 187.5±74.4 0.123 HbA1C (%) 8.8±2.1 9.1±2.3 8.3±1.8 8.7±2.1 0.107 BMI (kg/m2) 27.0±3.4 26.3±3.3 27±7.6 26.7±5.2 0.586 Duration of pain (months) 23±2.4 22.8±3.3 23.9±2.9 23.5±2.5 0.112 VAS, mm 74.5±12.9 82.3±13.4 74.5±12.9 77.1±13.6 0.0001* Score of sleep interference 4.45±1.2 4.80±0.98 4.48±1.2 4.58±1.1 0.087 Score of mood interference 2.60±0.7 2.68±0.63 2.53±0.62 2.60±0.7 0.335 Score of work interference 3.52±1.1 3.81±0.96 3.5±1.03 3.62±1.0 0.106 ↵* Differences between pregabalin and other drugs are statically significant (p=0.0001), but not significant between carbamazepine and venlafaxine (p≥0.09). FBS - fasting blood sugar, BMI - body mass index, HbA1C - glycated hemoglobin, VAS - visual analogue scale
- Table 2
Means of VAS scores in treatment groups of diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients during the follow-up period.
Time Baseline 2nd day 7th day 14th day 35th day P-value† Carbamazepine 74.5 69.4 63.4 40.2 39.6 0.0001 Pregabalin 82.3 80.2 69.7 35.6 33.4 0.0001 Venlafaxine 74.5 70.2 65.5 48.0 46.6 0.0001 P-value* 0.0001 0.0001 0.007 0.0001 0.0001 P-value Venlafaxine Pregabalin Carbamazepine Variable n (%) Reduction of VAS ≥50%, 35 (41.2) 66 (76.7) 36 (41.9) 0.001 Reduction of VAS<50-≥30% 39 (45.5) 14 (16.2) 20 (23.3) 0.02 Reduction of VAS<30% 2 (2.4) 2 (2.3) 5 (5.8) 0.06 No change in VAS 4 (4.7) 3 (3.7) 19 (22.1) 0.004 Increase in VAS 5 (5.9) 1 (1.2) 6 (7.0) 0.01 Total 85 (100) 86 (100) 86 (100) - Table 4
Mean scores of sleep, mood, and work interference in the treatment groups during the follow-up period.
Variable Mean score of sleep interference (1st day) Mean score of sleep interference (35th day) P-value* Mean score of mood interference (1st day) Mean score of mood interference (35th day) P-value* Mean score of work interference (1st day) Mean score of work interference (35th day) P-value* Carbamazepine 4.45±1.1 2.40±0.9 ≤0.001 2.60±0.7 2.40±0.6 ≤0.001 3.52±1.0 2.12±1.1 0.0001 Pregabalin 4.80±0.9 1.77±0.8 ≤0.001 2.68±0.6 1.41±0.5 ≤0.001 3.81±0.9 1.55±0.76 0.0001 Venlafaxine 4.48±1.2 2.66±1.4 ≤0.001 2.53±0.6 1.63±0.8 ≤0.001 3.52±1.0 2.38±1.2 0.0001 P-value† 0.087 0.0001 0.335 0.0001 0.106 0.0001 - Table 5
Reported adverse events during and at the end of follow-up among diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients.
Adverse events Carbamazepine n=85 Pregabalin n=86 n (%) Venlafaxine n=86 Agitation 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 4 (4.7) Dizziness 10 (11.8) 63 (73.2) 36 (41.9) Vomiting 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 3 (3.5) Impotency 1 (1.2) 1 (1.2) 4 (4.7) Somnolence 3 (3.5) 46 (53.3) 20 (23.3) Asthenia 1 (1.2) 5 (5.8) 11 (12.7) Headache 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 18 (20.9) Nausea 1 (1.2) 0 (0.0) 30 (34.9) Bulimia 2 (2.4) 0 (0.0) 2 (2.4) Dyspepsia 1 (1.2) 2 (2.3) 2 (2.4) Edema 0 (0.0) 2 (2.3) 2 (2.3) Weight changes 1 (1.2) 4 (4.6) 2 (2.4)
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