APOE Gene polymorphism among Jordanian Alzheimer’s patients with relation to lipid profile

References

1. ↵
   1. Dubois B,
   2. Feldman HH,
   3. Jacova C,
   4. Dekosky ST,
   5. Barberger-Gateau P,
   6. Cummings J,
   7. et al.

   (2007) Research criteria for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: revising the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. Lancet Neurol 6, 734–746.
2. ↵
   1. Al-Makhamreh S,
   2. Hasna F,
   3. Al-khateeb E

   (2011) The forgotten few: The social context of Aging and Alzheimer's disease in Jordan. The British Society of Gerontology, Available from: https://www.britishgerontology.org/DB/gr-editions-2/generations-review/the-forgotten-few-the-social-context-of-ageing-a-2.html.
3. ↵
   1. Weisgraber KH,
   2. Innerarity TL,
   3. Mahley RW

   (1982) Abnormal lipoprotein receptor-binding activity of the human E apoprotein due to cysteine–arginine interchange at a single site. J Biol Chem 257, 2518–2521.
4. ↵
   1. Eisenberg DT,
   2. Kuzawa CW,
   3. Hayes MG

   (2010) Worldwide allele frequencies of the human apolipoprotein E gene: climate, local adaptations, and evolutionary history. Am J Phys Anthropol 143, 100–111.
5. ↵
   1. Liu CC,
   2. Kanekiyo T,
   3. Xu H,
   4. Bu G

   (2013) Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer disease: risk, mechanisms and therapy. Nat Rev Neurol 9, 106–118.
6. ↵
   1. Strittmatter WJ,
   2. Roses AD

   (1996) Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer's disease. Annu Rev Neurosci 19, 53–77.
7. ↵
   1. Costanza MC,
   2. Beer-Borst S,
   3. James RW,
   4. Gaspoz JM,
   5. Morabia A

   (2012) Consistency between cross-sectional and longitudinal SNP: blood lipid associations. Eur J Epidemiol 27, 131–138.
8. ↵
   1. Al-khateeb E,
   2. Al-zayadneha E,
   3. Al-Dalahmah O,
   4. Alawadi Z,
   5. Khatib F,
   6. Naffa R,
   7. et al.

   (2014) Relation between copper, lipid profile and cognition in elderly Jordanians. J Alzheimers Dis 41, 203–211.
9. ↵
   1. Mckhann G,
   2. Drachman D,
   3. Folstein M,
   4. Katzman R,
   5. Price D,
   6. Stadlan EM

   (1984) Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 34, 939–944.
10. ↵
    1. Morris JC

    (1993) The clinical Dementia Rating (CDR): current version and scoring rules. Neurology 43, 2412–2414.
11. ↵
    1. Yeh FC,
    2. Boyle TJB

    (1997) Population genetic analysis of co-dominant and dominant markers and quantitative traits. Belgian Journal of Botany 129, 157–163.
12. ↵
    1. Christian Humpel

    (2011) Identifying and validating biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. Trends Biotechnol 29, 26–32.
13. ↵
    1. Mahfouz RA,
    2. Sabbagh AS,
    3. Zahed LF,
    4. Mahfoud ZR,
    5. Kalmoni RF,
    6. Otrock ZK,
    7. et al.

    (2006) Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and allele frequencies in the Lebanese population. Mol Biol Rep 33, 145–149.
14. ↵
    1. Marrzoq LF,
    2. Sharif FA,
    3. Abed AA

    (2011) Relationship between ApoE gene polymorphism and coronary heart disease in Gaza Strip. J Cardiovasc Dis Res 2, 29–35.
15. ↵
    1. Al-Khedhairy AA

    (2004) Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in Saudis. Mol Biol Rep 31, 257–260.
16. 1. Al-Asmary SM,
    2. Kadasah S,
    3. Arfin M,
    4. Tariq M,
    5. Al-Asmari A

    (2015) Apolipoprotein E polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to schizophrenia among Saudis. Arch Med Sci 11, 869–876.
17. ↵
    1. Al-Dabbagh NM,
    2. Al-Dohayan N,
    3. Arfin M,
    4. Tariq M

    (2009) Apolipoprotein E polymorphisms and primary glaucoma in Saudis. Mol Vis 15, 912–919.
18. ↵
    1. Al-Shammari S,
    2. Fatania H,
    3. Al-Radwan R,
    4. Akanji AO

    (2004) Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and lipoprotein levels in a Gulf Arab population in Kuwait: a pilot study. Ann Saudi Med 24, 361–364.
19. 1. Al-Yahyaee SA,
    2. Ganguly SS,
    3. Al Kindi MN,
    4. Al-Bahrani AI

    (2007) Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in Omani dyslipidemic patients with and without coronary artery disease. Hum Biol 79, 93–102.
20. ↵
    1. Gozalpour E,
    2. Kamali K,
    3. Mohammd K,
    4. Khorshid HR,
    5. Ohadi M,
    6. Karimloo M,
    7. et al.

    (2010) Association between Alzheimer Disease and Apolipoprotein E Polymorphisms. italic>Iranian Journal of Public Health 39, 1–6.
21. ↵
    1. Atis O,
    2. Sahin S,
    3. Ceyhan K,
    4. Ozyurt H,
    5. Akbas A,
    6. Benli I

    (2016) The Distribution of Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphism and Apolipoprotein E Levels among Coronary Artery Patients Compared to Controls. Eurasian J Med 48, 90–94.
22. ↵
    1. Stakias N,
    2. Liakos P,
    3. Tsiapali E,
    4. Goutou M,
    5. Koukoulis GN

    (2006) Lower Prevalence of Epsilon 4 Allele of Apolipoprotein E Gene in Healthy, Longer-Lived Individuals of Hellenic Origin. Journal of Gerontology 61, 1228–1231.
23. ↵
    1. Corbo RM,
    2. Scacchi R,
    3. Mureddu L,
    4. Mulas G,
    5. Alfano G

    (1995) Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in Italy investigated in native plasma by a simple polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing technique. Comparison with frequency data of other European populations. Ann Hum Genet 59, 197–209.
24. ↵
    1. Saunders AM,
    2. Strittmatter WJ,
    3. Schmechel D,
    4. George-Hyslop PH,
    5. Pericak-Vance MA,
    6. Joo SH,
    7. et al.

    (1993) Association of apolipoprotein E allele epsilon 4 with late-onset familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 43, 1467–1472.
25. ↵
    1. Coon KD,
    2. Myers AJ,
    3. Craig DW,
    4. Webster JA,
    5. Pearson JV,
    6. Lince DH,
    7. et al.

    (2007) A high-density whole-genome association study reveals that APOE is the major susceptibility gene for sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease. J Clin Psychiatry 68, 613–618.
26. ↵
    1. Farrer LA,
    2. Cupples LA,
    3. Haines JL,
    4. Hyman B,
    5. Kukull WA,
    6. Mayeux R,
    7. et al.

    (1997) Effects of age, sex, and ethnicity on the association between apolipoprotein E genotype and Alzheimer disease. A meta-analysis. APOE and Alzheimer Disease Meta Analysis Consortium. JAMA 278, 1349–1356.
27. ↵
    1. Ogunniyi A,
    2. Baiyewu O,
    3. Gureje O,
    4. Hall KS,
    5. Unverzagt F,
    6. Siu SH,
    7. et al.

    (2000) Epidemiology of dementia in Nigeria: results from the Indianapolis-Ibadan study. Eur J Neurol 7, 485–490.
28. ↵
    1. Ashford JW

    (2002) ApoE4: is it the absence of good or the presence of bad? J Alzheimers Dis 4, 141–143.
29. ↵
    1. Rockwood K,
    2. Kirkland S,
    3. Hogan DB,
    4. MacKnight C,
    5. Merry H,
    6. Verreault R,
    7. et al.

    (2002) Use of lipid-lowering agents, indication bias, and the risk of dementia in community-dwelling elderly people. italic>Arch Neurol 59, 223–227.
30. ↵
    1. Sabbagh M,
    2. Zahiri HR,
    3. Ceimo J,
    4. Cooper K,
    5. Gaul W,
    6. Connor D,
    7. et al.

    (2004) Is there a characteristic lipid profile in Alzheimer's disease? J Alzheimers Dis 6, 585–589.
31. ↵
    1. Matsuzaki T,
    2. Sasaki K,
    3. Hata J,
    4. Hirakawa Y,
    5. Fujimi K,
    6. Ninomiya T,
    7. et al.

    (2011) Association of Alzheimer disease pathology with abnormal lipid metabolism: the Hisayama Study. Neurology 77, 1068–1075.
32. ↵
    1. Reitz C,
    2. Tang MX,
    3. Luchsinger J,
    4. Mayeux R

    (2004) Relation of plasma lipids to Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia. Arch Neurol 61, 705–714.
33. ↵
    1. Mielke MM,
    2. Zandi PP,
    3. Sjögren M,
    4. Gustafson D,
    5. Ostling S,
    6. Steen B,
    7. et al.

    (2005) High total cholesterol levels in late life associated with a reduced risk of dementia. Neurology 64, 1689–1695.
34. ↵
    1. Bazzaz JT,
    2. Nazari M,
    3. Nazem H,
    4. Amiri P,
    5. Fakhrzadeh H,
    6. Heshmat R,
    7. et al.

    (2010) Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and total serum cholesterol level in Iranian population. J Postgrad Med 56, 173–175.
35. 1. Kofler BM,
    2. Miles EA,
    3. Curtis P,
    4. Armah CK,
    5. Tricon S,
    6. Grew J,
    7. et al.

    (2012) Apolipoprotein E genotype and the cardiovascular disease risk phenotype: impact of sex and adiposity (the FINGEN study). Atherosclerosis 221, 467–470.
36. 1. Ward H,
    2. Mitrou PN,
    3. Bowman R,
    4. Luben R,
    5. Wareham NJ,
    6. Khaw KT,
    7. et al.

    (2009) APOE genotype, lipids, and coronary heart disease risk: a prospective population study. Arch Intern Med 169, 1424–1429.
37. ↵
    1. Isbir T,
    2. Agaçhan B,
    3. Yilmaz H,
    4. Aydin M,
    5. Kara I,
    6. Eker E,
    7. et al.

    (2001) Apolipoprotein-E gene polymorphism and lipid profiles in Alzheimer's disease. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 16, 77–81.
38. ↵
    1. Pablos-Méndez A,
    2. Mayeux R,
    3. Ngai C,
    4. Shea S,
    5. Berglund L

    (1997) Association of apo E polymorphism with plasma lipid levels in a multiethnic elderly population. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 17, 3534–3541.
39. ↵
    1. Hall K,
    2. Murrell J,
    3. Ogunniyi A,
    4. Deeg M,
    5. Baiyewu O,
    6. Gao S,
    7. et al.

    (2006) Cholesterol, APOE genotype, and Alzheimer disease: an epidemiologic study of Nigerian Yoruba. Neurology 66, 223–227.
40. ↵
    1. Romas SN,
    2. Tang MX,
    3. Berglund L,
    4. Mayeux R

    (1999) APOE genotype, plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and AD in community elderly. italic>Neurology 53, 517–521.