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Case ReportCase Report
Open Access

Schizophrenia following new-onset refractory status epilepticus secondary to antiphospholipid syndrome

Mashael Al-Khateeb, Fatima Adem, Amani Moqbel and Salah Baz
Neurosciences Journal July 2019, 24 (3) 240-244; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180014
Mashael Al-Khateeb
Division of Neurology (Al-Khateeb, Baz), Department of Neuroscience, King Faisal Specialty Hospital, and Research Center, from the College of Medicine (Moqbel, Adem), Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Fatima Adem
Division of Neurology (Al-Khateeb, Baz), Department of Neuroscience, King Faisal Specialty Hospital, and Research Center, from the College of Medicine (Moqbel, Adem), Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Amani Moqbel
Division of Neurology (Al-Khateeb, Baz), Department of Neuroscience, King Faisal Specialty Hospital, and Research Center, from the College of Medicine (Moqbel, Adem), Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Salah Baz
Division of Neurology (Al-Khateeb, Baz), Department of Neuroscience, King Faisal Specialty Hospital, and Research Center, from the College of Medicine (Moqbel, Adem), Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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  • Figure 1
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    Figure 1

    Axial CT brain showed left (A) and right (B) parasagittal hematoma without mass effect.

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    Figure 2

    Axial FLAIR MRI with bilateral diffuse high signal intensities.

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    Figure 3

    Electroencephalography showing generalized periodic discharges.

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    Figure 4

    Electroencephalography showing suppression-burst pattern.

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    Figure 5

    8 months later, a third CT brain showed complete resolution.

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    Table 1

    Relevant Past Medical History and Interventions of A 41-year-old, nonsmoker, married man who works in a college with no past relevant family or medical.

    DatesSummaries from initial and follow-up visitsDiagnostic testingInterventions
    March 2014Local ER
    - He complained of blurry vision and headache, and after 2 hours he developed generalized tonic-clonic seizure.
    - He was taken to the ER
    - CT
    - Brain MRI
    - Lumbar puncture
    - Refer to the medication table below
    - Intubation
    - Antibiotics
    2 weeks later and for the next 8 monthsTertiary hospital
    ICU
    - Comatosed with intermittent twitching of the face and upper extremity
    - Prolonged seizure that lasted for more than 10 mins
    - Antiphospholipid syndrome diagnosed
    - Episodic right arm and leg jerk with right facial twitching
    - Seizure suppression
    Ward
    - Neuropsychologists evaluation
    - Stayed in the epilepsy ward for few months
    - Head CT
    - Head MRI
    - Neck Magnetic resonance angiography and venography (MRA/MRV)
    - Cerebral angiography
    - Continuous EEG
    - Lumbar puncture
    - Antibody workup
    - Paraneoplastic workup
    - Infection workup
    - Whole body pet scan
    - Refer to the medication table below
    - Intubated and ventilated on tracheostomy
    - Induced hypothermia
    After discharge
    - 7 months of follow up by the rheumatology and epilepsy service he remained seizure free.
    - Schizophrenia developed
    Refer to the medication table below
    Outcome
    - Seizure control
    - Moderate cognitive impairment
    - Later developed Schizophrenia
    • ER - emergency room, ICU - intensive care unit, CT MRI - Computed Tomography Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRA/MRV - Magnetic resonance angiography and venography, EEG - Electroencephalography

    • View popup
    Table 2

    Medication summary table.

    Local hospital emergency roomICU medicationAntiepileptic medications in ICUDischarge medications
    MidazolamMidazolamPrednisoloneCarbamazepine
    FentanylFentanylLevetiracetamLamotrigine
    PropofolPropofolCarbamazepineLevetiracetam
    KetaminePhenobarbitalPhenobarbital
    ThiopentalPhenytoinLorazepam
    IV IgLamotrigineEscitalopram
    HypothermiaRanitidineRisperdal
    SteroidRisperdal
    RituximabEscitalopram
    WarfarinWarfarin
    • ICU - intensive care unit, IV Ig - intravenous immunoglobulin

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Neurosciences Journal: 24 (3)
Neurosciences Journal
Vol. 24, Issue 3
1 Jul 2019
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Schizophrenia following new-onset refractory status epilepticus secondary to antiphospholipid syndrome
Mashael Al-Khateeb, Fatima Adem, Amani Moqbel, Salah Baz
Neurosciences Journal Jul 2019, 24 (3) 240-244; DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180014

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Schizophrenia following new-onset refractory status epilepticus secondary to antiphospholipid syndrome
Mashael Al-Khateeb, Fatima Adem, Amani Moqbel, Salah Baz
Neurosciences Journal Jul 2019, 24 (3) 240-244; DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180014
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